| Ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity are important indicators which can characterize the socio-economic sustainable development of a country and region,at the same time,they are also the main methods for quantitatively measuring the sustainable development of a region.It is of great significance to protect the local ecological environment and to exploit and utilize the resources.In order to make a scientific evaluation of the sustainable development of the southern slope of Qilian Mountain,with a view to lay a foundation for the rational development and utilization of local grassland resources.The grassland was taken as the research object and the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors were analyzed of net primary productivity,per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological carrying capacity in this study from 2001 to 2018which based on the correlation analysis,classical statistical methods,ecological footprint model and ecological carrying capacity model.The conclusion is as follows:（1）The data of MOD17A2H’s regional applicability and reliability is strong and the grassland NPP content showed the trend is increasing year by year that rate of 1.89gC·m-2·a-1 from 2001 to 2018.And it shows that the productivity of the grassland has gradually strengthened and the ecological environment is developing toward better situation in Qinghai Province where has achieved remarkable results since the policy that returning farmland to forests and grasslands has been implemented.The spatial distribution of grassland NPP showed increasing gradually from northwest to southeast on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain from 2001 to 2018.Therefore,there are dominant factor may be the altitude that can affect grassland productivity in the region.（2）The temporal change of the grassland per capita ecological footprint has been basically stable and the spatial change shows a gradual decrease from northwest to southeast on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain from 2001 to 2018.The per capita ecological footprint of grassland is closely related to the development of local animal husbandry,and its spatial distribution characteristics are different from those of other types of land.The temporal change showed a gradual decline trend and the spatial distribution gradually increased from northwest to southeast of per capita ecological capacity of grassland on the south slope of Qilian Mountain from 2001 to 2018.Then with the increase of the population and improvement of people’s living standards,the per capita ecological carrying capacity of grasslands will be affected,and the temporal distribution of per capita ecological deficit/ecological surplus of grassland shows a downward trend year by year and the spatial distribution gradually increases from the northwest to the southeast on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain.（3）With time change the per capita ecological footprint of grassland in different slope has significant differences,the slopes of shady are humid and abundant in water,which is beneficial to the growth of grasses,but the slope of sunny is compared with the slopes of shady the water and heat conditions are poor for growth of grasses.Thus,there are a larger per capita ecological footprint in slopes of shady and a smaller per capita ecological footprint in slope of sunny on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountain.（4）As the altitude gradually increases,there is a certain altitude range which grassland per capita ecological carrying capacity is the largest,and it indicating the zone is more suitable for the development of animal husbandry on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain.The slope of shady is humid and associated with low shrubs,which increases the diversity of vegetation species,but the slope of sunny compared with the slope of shady there is a relatively dry climate,and the species may be simpler.Therefore,the per capita ecological carrying capacity of grassland on the slope of shady is greater than the slope of sunny on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain.（5）In factors of the social influence,the number of livestock has a greater impact on the per capita ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity of grassland than the population on the southern slope of Qilian Mountain.The area productivity of grassland is low in the Township of Yanglong of Qilian County,and there are many livestock,so there is a per capita grassland ecological deficit area.The area productivity of grassland is strong in the Township of Zhugu of Menyuan Hui Autonomous County,and there are small livestock,so there is a per capita grassland ecological surplus area on the southern slope of the Qilian Mountains. |
