Design And Synthesis Of Energetic Salts Based On TNAE

Modern weapon has more and more demandings for energetic materials especially explosives in performance such as thermal stability,impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity and so on.As weapon energy carriers,energetic materials must meet the requirements of high energy density,low sensitivity and good environmental adaptability.Therefore,improving the performance of high energetic density materials has always been the major goal of energetic materials research and development.Recently,with lower vapor pressure and higher density,the organic energetic salts have extremely high potential value.The energy mainly comes from compound caused by high nitrogen content wich is different from the traditional energetic materials.The organic energetic salts have higher thermal stability and lower sensitivity because of the hydrogen bond,and the explosion products afterwards are environment-friendly.Therefore,researchers have speeded up the research process of energetic salts.In this peper,we used glyoxal and urea as the starting material to synthesize glycoluril,then get the TNAE.We synithesize a series of highly erergetic salts based on TNAE,then these salts were fully characterized by IR,NMR(¹H、¹³C),and elemental analysis.The thermo stability of diamino guanidine salt and hydroxyl amine salt were measured by DSC.The results showed that both of these two products have an intense exothermic process.For hydroxyl amine salt,it has a good thermal stability with the peak temperature of 434.7℃by DSC.And the apparent activation energy was 941.9J/g while diamino guanidine salt has lower peak temperature and worse thermal stability with just 185.3℃and 1.29KJ/g by DSC.The sensitivity performance is also measured by GBT method.The results showed that diamino guanidine salt has better sensitivity performance than hydroxyl amine salt while both of them have available sensitivity performance.The densities are measured by standard containers method,compared with diamino guanidine salt density is 2.38 g/cm³the hydroxyl amine salt density is 2.14 g/cm³.We used hydroxyl amine salt as an example to discuss the influence of reaction conditions in order to provide advice for the further synthesis.We tried to make TNAE and DFTHP react under different temperature in concentrated acid to get propellane.The goal of this experiment is to introduce the nitro group into double-loop ether in order to improve the detonation performance.Considering the unstability of methenamine under acid condition,methenamine was designed to react with double-loop ether,which gives us the porper experimental environment to reach the goal of the test.Unfortunately,there were results come from the test but not the target product as we expected.