Preparation And Durability Of Superhydrophobic Surface Based On Anti-icing And Oil/Water Separation Performance

Biomimetic superhydrophobic surface is considered to be a high-efficiency,low-cost and environmentally friendly functional surface owing to its unique structure and performance,which can be potentially applied in the fields of anti icing,oil-water separation,anti-corrosion,anti friction and other fields.Whereas,the surface microstructure of biomimetic superhydrophobic surface could be easily damaged and loses its superhydrophobic performance in the practical application.Therefore,it is urgent to improve the bonding degree and its own stability of the superhydrophobic surface,which refers to its surface durability.In this paper,by designing micro/nanostructures of superhydrophobic surfaces and controlling the microtopography of the surface,the sol-gel method,vapor deposition method,and vacuum filtration method are used to prepare durable anti-icing and oil-water separation superhydrophobic surfaces.SEM,XPS,contact angle and other test characterization methods are used to characterize it.Specific work are listed as follows:（1）Functional SiO₂ nanoparticles are modified on the substrate of stainless steel by combining the mussel bionic chemistry and the St?ber method.First,mussel bionic chemistry was adopted to modify a layer of polydopamine membrane on the substrate surface,which was to be served as a secondary reaction platform.Then,in the St?ber reaction stage,a certain proportion of ethyl orthosilicate（TEOS）,aminopropyltriethoxysilane（APTES）,and n-dodecyltrimethoxysilane（DTMS）were added.Which guarantee the tight connection of the SiO₂nanospheres with amino groups and the polydopamine-modified substratethrough Michael addition reaction.As well as,the long alkyl chain on the surface of the SiO₂nanospheres ensures the surface hydrophobic properties.The prepared superhydrophobic surface is very repulsive to water,and has an obvious delay in freezing water droplets.This preparation method is environmentally friendly,low-cost,and has potential applications in the field of anti-icing.（2）Stainless steel metal plate and quartz glass material were used as basement,as well as simple and feasible vapor deposition method was adopted,tetraethylorthosilicate is hydrolyzed under the catalysis of ammonia to form SiO₂nanoparticles and finally deposited on the substrate with carbon layer,which increase the surface roughness of the substrate.After the calcination process,the deposited perfluorohexylethyltrichlorosilane guarantee a superhydrophobic surface with low surface energy.This superhydrophobic surface owned an excellent anti-icing performance,whose icing delay time at-10℃can reach about 300 s.Moreover,the low energy surface of superhydrophobic surface greatly reduced the adhesion of the surface to droplets and ice,which can remove ice from substrate rapidly.（3）Durability of SiO₂ superhydrophobic surface prepared by vapor deposition was studied.The surface icing delay performance still kept remain under the condition of-10℃,150 cycles of icing/deicing.In addition,the solution immersion method was adopted to explore the corrosion resistance of superhydrophobic surfaces,and the stability of the materials in acid environments and high-salt environments were therefore evaluated.,The contact angle of water droplets on the surface remained above 150 after 1 hour acid and salt immersion.Finally,the durability of the surface was tested under the friction of sand particles and sandpaper.The results shows that the contact angle of the water droplets,in both tests,kept about 150°,which indicating the stable surface structure with an excellent durability.（4）A new-type of carbon nanotube composite film with superhydrophobicity and superlipophilicity was prepared by vacuum filtration method.The MWCNT/SWCNT hybrid owned porous structure on the surface of the film,which can efficiently separate various surfactant-stabilized water-in-oil emulsionsth.In addition,the hybrid carbon nanotube film is ultralight and can be regenerated through rapid combustion,which further endow it with an efficient recyclee.（5）The durability of carbon nanotube composite film,prepared by vacuum filtration method,was studied.The composite with an excellent tensile property,also exhibited excellent chemical stability under acidic,salinity and alkaline conditions,and remained superhydrophobic even after being rubbed with sand particles.This composite film takes the advantage of the ease of prepare,store and reuse,which widen its practical application prospects in petroleum purification,industrial wastewater treatment,and daily life.