Design,Synthesis Of Functional Porous Organic Polymers And Their Environmental Application

Nowadays,with the intensive development of technology and industry,energy shortage and environmental pollution have become two prominent global problems.Although the retrieval of the ecofriendly environment are the multifaceted challenge,the concept of green sustainable development is the cornerstone of environmental restoration.Therefore,the demand for the exploration of practical and cost-effective environmental treatment materials is exploding.Porous materials are widely used in the fields of environment and energy due to their unique pore structure.Among them,the emerging porous organic polymers（POPs）have attracted tremendous interest of scientists on account of their excellent properties.Porous organic polymers have the advantages of larger specific surface area,structural diversity,excellent thermal stability and chemical stability.By modifying the functional groups on the pore wall and pore surface,pre-selected building blocks and synthetic modifications can be used to optimize the required functions,thereby providing new properties.As a new kind of solid adsorptions and separation materials,porous organic polymers play an important role in environmental treatment.Here,we will discuss the new work related to the treatment of water pollutants and divide it into two parts,namely the detection and adsorption of heavy metal ions and the application of oil-water separation.（1）We synthesized a series of sulfur rich porous organic polymers of LNU-19,LNU-20 and LNU-21 via Suzuki crosscoupling polycondensation of2,5-bis-thiopheneboronic acid pinacol ester and phenyl compounds of different structures.The synthesized LNUs materials have strong fluorescence,and obvious fluorescence quenching effect occurs after the adsorption of Hg²⁺.The selectivity was investigated by monitoring the fluorescence change in the presence of other interfere metal ions.Among the kinds of metal ions investigated,only Hg²⁺caused the significant fluorescence quenching of LNUs.Experimental results show that among these porous organic polymers,LNU-21 exhibits high efficiency in removing mercury from aqueous solution and the maximum adsorption capacity of Hg²⁺could reach up to 150 mg g^-1.We attribute the excellent performance to the synergistic effects of high surface area and a large number of S atoms as the chelating sites with high affinity.These LNUs materials can selectively detect mercury ions in aqueous solutions and effectively remove them.They can be applied to the adsorption of heavy metal ions in water pollution,providing a new solution for the restoration of environmental water system.（2）We synthesized a series of superhydrophobic porous organic polymers of LNU-29～LNU-33 via Sonogashira-Hagihara crosscoupling polycondensation of1,3,5-triethynylbenzene and monomers with different lengths of alkyl chains.Due to the introduction of alkyl chains as hydrophobic groups in the polymer skeleton,the superhydrophobic surfaces also exhibited thermal stability,corrosion resistance,and oil-water separation properties.Possessing intrinsic low surface energy,LNUs materials coating endows various substrates（e.g.glass slides,polyester fabrics and sponges）with surface hydrophobicity and oleophilicity.The superhydrophobic polyester fabrics were prepared through facile immersion processes.The as-prepared polyester fabrics showed high oil-water separation efficiency andthe separation efficiency has no obvious decline after 20 separation cycles.At the same time,the superhydrophobic polyurethane sponges can be used to adsorb the oil phase in the oil-water mixture.Based on its separation efficiency,processing simplicity,substrate versatility and low cost,the technique of using porous organic polymers as coating materiasl to fabricate oil-water separation materials is promising in practical and industrial concerns.