Research On Preparation And Properties Of Carbon Aerogel Supercapacitors From Solid Waste Such As Food Waste

With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards,the amount of kitchen waste is increasing day by day.Kitchen waste has many characteristics,such as large variety,large amount,and difficult to recycle,which seriously threatens the living environment.Because of its high carbon content,it is potentially used to prepare supercapacitor electrode materials with high power density and fast charge and discharge speed.At present,there is rare research on the preparation of activated carbon and carbon aerogel by kitchen waste kitchen waste has not been reported yet.Activated carbon is prepared by hydrothermal method.Carbon aerogel is prepared by solution method.The morphology and structure of the electrode materials were characterized by SEM,XRD,Raman and BET.Electro-chemical performance testing of supercapacitors use the electrochemical workstations.The influence of preparation parameters on electrochemical performance was explored by morphology and structure.Activated carbon was prepared by hydrothermal method,freeze-drying and microwave activation of kitchen waste.Formation mechanism is studied.High specific surface area is mainly caused by KOH activation.The high-specific surface area carbon aerogel was successfully prepared by freeze-drying,carbonization and activation by adding monomeric acrylic acid,initiator potassium persulfate,crosslinker methyl bisacrylamide,The mechanism of carbon aerogel formation and the reaction mechanism of three additives with kitchen waste were proposed.The effects of activation temperature,time and alkali-carbon ratio on the morphology,structure,pore structure and electrochemical properties of activated carbon were investigated.The optimum parameters for the preparation of activated carbon are activation temperature of 800 ?,alkali-carbon ratio of 3:1,and activation time of 20 min.The highest specific surface area is 1605 m² g^-1,and the highest specific capacitance is 286 F g^-1 at a current density of 1 A g^-1.The effects of carbonization/activation mode,monomer/initiator/crosslinker concentration on carbon aerogel morphology,structure,pore structure and electrochemical properties during carbon aerogel preparation were investigated.The parameters for optimal preparation of carbon aerogel are microwave carbonization and activation,the initiator concentration?crosslinker concentration and monomer concentration of 0.5 mg m L^-1.The highest specific surface area is 1655 m² g^-1,and the highest specific capacitance is 537.3 F g^-1 at a current density of 1 A g^-1.