Eco-Terrorism And Its Philosophical Foundation

In the process of development of environmental protection movement,different forms of environmental protection movement have appeared one after another.Before the emergence of eco-terrorism(ecological terrorism),the traditional environmental protection movement was mainly carried out through cooperation and peaceful protest.Eco-terrorism,on the other hand,attempts to solve environmental problems through the use of violent confrontation.Through the analysis of eco-terrorism and its philosophical foundation,this paper focuses on presenting the general picture of eco-terrorism and its philosophical roots,and then criticizes the criminal aggro and the too radical ideological foundation of eco-terrorism.This paper consists of introduction,body and conclusion,three parts.Among them,the introduction part introduces the domestic and foreign research achievements of eco-terrorism and its philosophical foundation,and based on this puts forward the foundation of the topic selection to show the academic and practical significance of the research.Although there have been a lot of achievements in the research on eco-terrorism and its philosophical foundation,it still needs to be improved in the presentation of the general picture of eco-terrorism,and also in the exploration and response to the philosophical root of eco-terrorism.The body part consists of the chapter two,the chapter three and the chapter four.Chapter two introduces the origin and evolution of eco-terrorism.The introduction of the origin of eco-terrorism includes two parts: the social background and the ideological background.The social background mainly consists of two parts: after world war ii,as the environmental problems became more and more prominent,people began to pay more attention to how to solve the environmental problems,and the enthusiasm for environmental protection movement gradually increased.The publication of Silent Spring is the beginning of the modern environmental movement.With the increasing number of participants in the environmental movement,some conservative strategies of mainstream environmental protection organizations have been unable to meet the demands of some environmentalists who are eager to change the environmental status quo.As a result,some extreme environmentalists are resorting to violent forms of eco-terrorism.In terms of ideological background,it mainly introduces two parts.One is that people have been thinking about the relationship between man and nature for a long time,while Ecocentrism provides a new perspective for people to understand the relationship between man and nature.The other is that Deep ecology,as a theoretical system of Ecocentrism,holds that non-human beings whose right to life should be equally respected have intrinsic value,and that people should avoid too much interference in the non-human world.Eco-terrorism sees these views as the theoretical foundation for the actions of people involved in the environmental movement who should take direct action against human intervention.The evolution of eco-terrorism mainly introduces the process of eco-terrorism splitting from the mainstream environmental protection movement and gradually going to the extreme.The chapter three introduces the connotation of eco-terrorism,which is divided into three parts: the main viewpoints,objectives and strategies of eco-terrorism.The main viewpoints of eco-terrorism present some representative statements of leaders of eco-terrorism activities and some slogans of eco-terrorism activities.The targets of eco-terrorism mainly introduce some salient features of the targets selected by eco-terrorist organizations when they carry out eco-terrorism activities and the classification of these targets.The action strategies of eco-terrorism focus on the various action strategies used by eco-terrorists in the process of eco-terrorism activities,which are mainly divided into direct use of violence,indirect use of violence and psychological creation of terror,three categories.The chapter four introduces the philosophical foundation of eco-terrorism,which consists of three parts.The first part is an introduction to ecocentric theory,focusing on Leopold's land ethics and Rolston's natural axiology,two representative theories.The second part introduces deep ecology,presents the overall framework of deep ecology,and points out the influence of deep ecology on ecological terrorism.The third part mainly shows people's reflection and criticism on deep ecology.As the top-level design of deep ecology,self-actualization and biosphere egalitarianism have been questioned and challenged by many people.However,the supporters of deep ecology cannot give a strong defense for this.Therefore,deep ecology cannot provide convincing theoretical support for eco-terrorism.Finally,combining with the main content of the article,the conclusion gives a reasonable prediction of the trend of eco-terrorism and points out the direction of further research.Due to the violent nature of eco-terrorism,it will not only face severe punishment at the social level,but also cannot be recognized and supported by mainstream environmental protection organizations.The philosophical foundation of eco-terrorism is also unconvincing and has been questioned and challenged.In the face of the attack from the social level and the denial from the philosophical level,eco-terrorism eventually will be ended.