Identification Of Silk Relics Based On Electrochemical Immunotechnique

Silk is a symbol of Chinese culture due to its time-honored use throughout history.Since thousands of years ago,our ancestor has begun silk reeling and weaving.Recently,increasing attention has been paid to research regarding the origin and transmission of silk,however,there was no certain conclusion.Silk is an emblem of wealth due to its excellent property and gorgeous appearance.With time elapsing,a large amount of silk relics have been excavated,which may provide lots of valid information.Silk fibroin is the main ingredient of ancient silk.Similar to majority of biomacromolecules,it is easily damaged by multiple factors,which would result in the poor preservation of silk relics.Thus,an urgent demand was proposed for a novel method which can investigate ancient silks effectively.In this work,electrochemical immunotechnology was used to detect silk relics.An anti-fibroin monoclonal antibody was prepared,based on the specific antibody,a label-free electrochemical immunosensor was proposed for ultra-sensitive detection of fibroin.In addition,the performance of immunosensor was compared with the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Besides,gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)which exhibited a relative homogeneous morphology were prepared and used to modify another electrochemical immunosensor.In detection of ancient silk,the electrochemical signal was enhanced by nanoparticles and the sensitivity of sensor was improvedFirstly,a specific monoclonal antibody was tailored through animal immunization.After that,a label-free electrochemical immunosensor was constructed,and an indirect ELISA was proposed.The two methods revealed satisfactory sensitivity and specificity in analysis of silk fibroin,while the immunosensor exhibited a wider dynamic detection range and a lower detection limit of 0.051 ng mL-1.In addition,the property of the immunosensor was better in quantitative detection of archaeological sample.Based on argumentation above,AuNPs were successfully prepared and using in the fabrication of electrochemical immunosensor.The fabricated immunosensor demonstrated preeminent performance in the analysis of silk fibroin,with a detection limit of 3.8 pg mL-1.Additionally,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)was used to analyze silk fibroin to confirm the immunosensor results.In particular,the performance of the immunosensor was excellent in the analysis of ancient silk samples,especially in the qualitative and quantitative detection of soil samples extracted from Nanhai No.1 shipwreck archeological sites.The proposed electrochemical immunosensor proves the existence of silk products on the Maritime Silk Road.To sum up,in this work,novel electrochemical immunosensors were proposed and an identification system of ancient silk based on electrochemical immunotechnology was established.It provides a new method for ultrasensitive detection of silk relics,which demonstrates enormous potential for studying the origin and transmission routes of ancient silk.