| Equol,a metabolite of daidzein,binds to estrogen receptors and reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease,osteoporosis,breast cancer,and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Food greatly influences the production of equol in the intestine.High levels of non-starch polysaccharides can stimulate fermentation in the intestine leading to rapid conversion of daidzein into equol that has great potential to reduce obesity in postmenopausal women The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the effect of sorghum resistant starch on the structure of intestinal microflora in menopausal rats,and then to explore the effect of resistant starch and soybean products on lipid metabolism in menopausal rats,and to explore its regulatory mechanism.In order to increase the sorghum amylose content and regeneration value index,the sorghum was naturally fermented for 8 days,the sorghum starch was extracted by alkaline extraction method,and the resistant starch was prepared by autoclaving compound enzyme method.The structural changes of sorghum resistant starch before and after fermentation were studied by gel chromatography-differential-multiangle laser light scattering instrument,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscope.Through gavage of SD(Sprague-Dawley)rats formestane,establish a menopausal model,and gavage resistant starch daily,whether to give soybean meal-containing feed as an influencing factor,through the rat body weight,liver and abdominal fat weight,the changes in the structure of the bacterial flora,the six items of blood lipid biochemistry,the activity of lipid-related enzymes in the liver,and the content of the expressed genes all proved the improvement effect of equol on menopausal and obese rats.The research results are as follows:(1)Through the determination of amylose content and aging properties of fermented sorghum,the amylose content and retrogradation value are the largest when fermented for 8 days,which is suitable for the production of fermented sorghum resistant starch(2)The weight-average molecular weight and number-average molecular weight of the resistant starch prepared by the autoclave composite enzyme method are lower than the raw starch,and the fermentation treatment did not have much impact on the sorghum aging process crystal order;The original sorghum starch crystal structure was completely destroyed after the autoclave complex enzymatic treatment,forming an A + V-type crystal structure,which produced anti-enzymatic properties;The crystallinity of the sorghum resistant starch treated by fermentation was lower than that the unfermented sorghum resistant starch.Scanning electron microscopy shows that the surface of the sorghum resistant starch has striped grooves of different shades..(3)Under the premise of the same dose of resistant starch interfering with the diet,administration of soy meal-containing feeds increased the abundance of genus Lactobacillus and Clostridium Xl Va-producing bacteria in menopausal rats.At this time,the content of equol produced in menopausal rats was higher,and the body weight,abdominal fat and liver weight decreased;and after different levels of RS and With or without the intervention of soybean meal feed,the activities of LPL,HL and GE in the blood increased,the related genes and enzyme activities of lipid metabolism in the liver are significantly different from the model group,and the fat vacuoles in the liver are reducedIn summary,in this experiment,sorghum was naturally fermented to prepare resistant starch by autoclaved compound enzymatic method,and the effect of lipid metabolism on menopausal rats in the presence or absence of soybean meal was studied by gavage of resistant starch,and proved the synergistic effect of the resistance of starch and soybean products is significantly better than the same dose of resistant starch fed by gavage alone,and preliminary verification of the functional gene and its target of equol regulating lipid metabolism in the liver. |
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