Analysis And Application Of Plantar Pressure In Diabetic Foot And Prediabetic Patients

The number of patients with diabetes and various complications is increasing.Diabetic neuropathy and diabetic foot are common complications of diabetes,which seriously affect the quality of life of patients.Abnormal elevation of plantar pressure is one of the main risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers.Systematic study of plantar pressure and gait characteristics in diabetic patients can identify potential high-risk areas of foot ulcers in diabetic patients and abnormal plantar pressure.In the stage of disease,it provides experimental basis for the study of daily foot protection in diabetic patients.This article mainly studies the distribution of foot pressure and gait characteristics during natural walking in diabetic foot and pre-stage disease.A total of 144 subjects were included.In order to more systematically analyze the trend of foot pressure changes in patients with diabetes from no neuropathy to neuropathy to development of foot disease,the experimental samples were divided into four groups:Diabetic non-neuropathic group(DM),Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),Diabetic foot(DF)and Healthy control group(NC).The experimental instrument uses the insole type foot pressure detection system,and the subject naturally walks 10 m distance.Through the system,the peak pressure,the percentage of impulse,the pressure center trajectory parameter,the gait cycle,and the step frequency of the subject are collected.The parameters such as the length of the stride and the pace are studied.The main conclusions are as follows:For the peak pressure and the percentage of impulse,the difference between DM and NC is small,while the DPN and NC have more significant differences in the foot area.The peak pressure of the DPN is mainly increased in the tibia area and the percentage of increase was mostly between 40%and 70%.The percentage of impulse in the DPN was significantly reduced mainly in the middle of the heel of the left foot,and increased significantly in the lateral part of the tibia.There was a tendency to shift from the heel to the tibia.With the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy,the standing phase gradually decreases during the gait cycle,and the swing phase gradually rises.Compared with NC,the DM and DPN believed that the elliptical area increased in males,females decreased,X shifts increased,and Y shifts decreased.Individual differences analysis of the DF group showed that most of the subjects in the midfoot area were higher than the NC and DPN groups,but decreased in the tibia area.The confidence of the ellipse area varies greatly among individuals,and the body generally sways to the left,with a general tendency of backward leaning.None of the subjects’ butterfly patterns have good symmetry,the symmetry of the left and right feet is poor,and the gait stability is poor.This study analyzed the differences in plantar pressure and gait characteristics within and between groups,and performed individual differences analysis on patients with amputation at different sites,summarized the distribution of foot pressure and gait,and provided experimental basis and data support for the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot.A design method for a diabetic protective insole is proposed to alleviate plantar pressure and enhance stability by changing the material and structure of the insole.