Structural Analysis And Optimization Of Key Parts Of Electric Multiple Units Body Components Processing Equipment

As a kind of high-precision large-scale CNC(Computerized Numerical Control)gantry machining center,EMU(Electric Multiple Units)body component processing equipment plays an important role in the development of China's rail vehicle manufacturing industry.Most of the main bodies of EMU body members are largeprofile aluminum profiles.Due to their own process characteristics and processing accuracy requirements,their processing equipment should have good dynamic and static characteristics.In this paper,the EMU car body component processing equipment is used as the research object,the finite element method is used to analyze the static and dynamic characteristics and the thermo-mechanical coupling characteristics of key components,and the structure is optimized to improve the processing accuracy and stable operation of the equipment.The processing equipment for EMU body parts studied in this paper belongs to a special four-axis CNC gantry machining center,which can complete the processing of various processes such as holes,grooves and contour shapes according to the process requirements of EMU body parts processing.The equipment is rigid and fast,and its electric spindle takes into account the characteristics of high speed and high torque.The machine bed is specially designed according to the length of the aluminum profile for rail vehicles,which can meet the efficient processing of workpieces up to 25 meters in length.The main research work of this article is as follows:First,the whole machine is modeled.After the modeling is completed,the model built is simplified according to the equivalent stiffness theory.Import the established solid model into finite element software for model pre-processing,and establish a finite element model of key components.Secondly,modal analysis and optimization design of the key equipment components.Complete the solution of the modal frequency and modal shape of a specific order of key components of the equipment,and analyze whether the structure has resonance and possible resonance order.Carry out modal tests on key components of the equipment to verify the accuracy of the finite element analysis results.Optimize the structure of key components that may have resonance,and avoid the resonance interval by changing the natural modal frequency of the structure to ensure the processing accuracy of the equipment.Thirdly,the static analysis of the optimized key components of the equipment under extreme conditions is performed to obtain the stress,strain and total deformation cloud maps of the key components of the processing equipment to verify whether the structural strength and stiffness of the equipment after the optimization meet the verification standards.Finally,the thermal-mechanical coupling characteristics of the equipment bed are analyzed,and the finite element method is used to calculate and solve the thermal deformation of the bed structure under the extreme temperature difference of the natural environment,and the influence of the temperature effect of the bed on the processing error of the equipment is analyzed.,To make recommendations for use.