Detection Of Four Classes Of Persistent Organic Pollutants In Antarctic Krill Of Different Stages And Genders

Antarctic krill has enormous biomass and is a key link in the Antarctic ecosystem.As Antarctic krill is full of active substances,it has received extensive attention in recent years.With the increase of global environmental awareness,the depth and width of research on persistent organic pollution(POPs)has been expanding.Studies have shown that multiple persistent organic pollutants have been detected in Antarctic gas,soil,snow water and various organisms.However,reports about detection of persistent organic pollutants in Antarctic krill of different stages and genders have not been searched in our known field.The purpose of this study was to extract and detect four classes of persistent organic pollutants in Antarctic krill,including seven kinds of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),fourteen kinds of polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs),sixteen kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),twenty two kinds of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs).Contents of four classes of persistent organic pollutants in Antarctic krill were determined in different stages and different sex and were statistically analyzed the changing trends.Explore the best extraction conditions for the four classes of persistent organic pollutants in Antarctic krill,including extraction solvents,extraction methods,purification methods.The gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(GC-MS / MS)was utilized to detect POPs in Antarctic krill and the methods were examined.The Antarctic krill was divided into different sex and maturity stages for the determination of PCBs,PBDEs,PAHs and OCPs.Statistical charts were made to determine the changing trends of each class of POPs respectively in different sexes and different stages,and to analyze possible reason.The optimal extraction conditions of PCBs in Antarctic kril was established: Using n-hexane-dichloromethane(V:V=1:1)as extraction solvent,ASE as extraction method,andsulfonation-QuEChERS solid phase extraction as purification method.Five kinds of PCBs were detected in Antarctic krill.The concentration ranged from 1.10 ng/g to 6.334 ng/g.The optimal extraction conditions of PBDEs in Antarctic kril was established: Using n-hexane-acetone(V:V=1:1)as extraction solvent,ASE as extraction method,and sulfonation-QuEChERS solid phase extraction as purification method.Eleven kinds of PBDEs were detected in Antarctic krill.The concentration ranged from 0.49ng/g to 1.45 ng/g.The optimal extraction conditions of PAHs in Antarctic kril was established: Using acetone-dichloromethane(V:V = 1: 1)mixed solvent as the extraction solvent,ultrasonic as extraction method,and C18 solid phase extraction column purification method as extraction solvent.Eight kinds of PAHs were detected in Antarctic krill.The concentration ranged from 0.35 ng/g to 17.51 ng/g.The optimal extraction conditions of OCPs in Antarctic kril was established: Using n-hexane-dichloromethane(V: V = 1: 1)mixed solvent as the extraction solvent,homogeneous as extraction method,and C18 solid phase extraction column purification method as extraction solvent.Seventeen kinds of OCPs were detected in Antarctic krill.The concentration ranged from 0.23 ng/g to 0.68 ng/g.The data of different stages and sex showed that significant male-female differences in the contents of the four clsses of persistent organic pollutants.It is proved that in addition to the impact of environmental pollution in the sea area,the pollution of these four clsses of POPs in Antarctic krill is related to growth,development,and reproductive behavior.