| Objectives:(1)In this thesis,soxhlet extraction method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to systematically study the grease composition of different varieties of lacquer tree seeds and edible lacquer oil for sale in Nujiang,Yunnan.The effects of different oil-making processes on the nutritional composition for seed oil of lacquer tree and edible lacquer oil for sale were investigated.On the basis of mastering the nutritional composition of lacquer oil,the Nujiang edible lacquer oil was investigated to understand its edible status and efficacy,to provide scientific basis for formulating food safety standards of lacquer oil,and to provide theoretical basis and reference basis for comprehensive development,utilization and rational consumption of lacquer oil.(2)Through this thesis,we can fully understand the implementation status and application status of some local standards of food safety in Yunnan Province,evaluate the scientificity and applicability of standard indicators or technical requirements,and then provide some useful or helpful opinions and suggestions for relevant departments to promote the implementation and revision of some standards,at the same time,at the same time,it provides a reference for the formulation of food safety local standards for lacquer oil and other foods.Methods:(1)According to the national food safety standards,the components and physicochemical indexes of oil extracted from different varieties of lacquer tree seeds in Nujiang,Yunnan,and edible lacquer oil for sale were determined,and the nutritional value for seed oil of lacquer tree and edible lacquer oil of market was analyzed and evaluated.(2)The study site and objects were determined by applying the whole group sampling method.To understand the demographic characteristics of the population and the edible situation of lacquer oil through the questionnaire survey.The basic health data of the subjects were obtained through medical examination.SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to perform chi-square test,rank sum test,rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis on the data,and P<0.05 was statistically significant.(3)A questionnaire survey was conducted on the personnel engaged in food production enterprises,food supervision and supervision personnel,inspection/testing personnel,food-related scientific research experts and other relevant personnel of local standards of food safety in 16 states and cities of the province.The basic information of the respondents,general evaluation of the standards,technical evaluation of the standards,from which we can collect opinions and suggestions.SPSS17.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Results:(1)The total fat content in white lacquer tree seed oil was(7.57±0.250)g/100g,and that in black lacquer tree seed oil was(11.60±0.1000)g/100g.The contents of linoleic acid,palmitic acid and oleic acid in white lacquer tree seed oil and black lacquer tree seed oil were high,and the total amount was over 97%.The content of unsaturated fatty acids in white lacquer seed oil was 79.08%and that in black lacquer seed oil was 73.45%.The oil main fatty acids of edible white lacquer oil and edible black lacquer oil for sale were palmitic acid,oleic acid,stearic acid.The content of palmitic acid in edible white lacquer oil for sale was 64.63%,and it was 70.47%in edible black lacquer oil for sale.The content of unsaturated fatty acid in edible white lacquer oil for sale was 26.98%,the saturated fatty acid was 72.21%.the content of unsaturated fatty acid content in edible black lacquer oil for sale was 18.70%,the saturated fatty acid was 80.63%.The linoleic acid content in white lacquer tree seed oil was 63.20%,and that in black lacquer tree seed oil was 58.67%.The content of linoleic acid in edible white lacquer oil for sale was 7.38%,and the content of linoleic acid inedible black lacquer oil for sale was 1.25%.The acid values of white lacquer tree seed oil and black lacquer tree seed oil were 2.6mg/g and 2.5mg/g respectively,both of them were under 3mg/g.There was no obvious difference of peroxide value between white lacquer tree seed oil and black tree lacquer seed oil.The iodine value of edible white lacquer oil for sale was 31.2g/100g,which was significantly lower than that of edible black lacquer oil for sale.The acid value of edible white lacquer oil for sale was 16.6mg/g>3mg/g.The saponification value of edible white lacquer oil for sale is higher than that of edible black lacquer oil for sale.Total arsenic,total lead content and aflatoxin B1 content of pollutants in edible white lacquer oil for sale and edible black lacquer oil for sale were accorded with requirements of national standards.(2)A total of 1260 residents of Nujiang were studied,there were 845 males(67.1%)and 415 females(32.9%).Those residents' ages were from 12 to 90,with an average age of 40.6 years.Among those surveyed people,1139(90.4%)members had the habit of eating lacquer oil,and their average daily intake was 0.099(0.033,0.143)g.There was a difference in their average daily consumption of different ethnic groups(P<0.05);while there was no difference in the consumption of people of different genders,ages,marital status,occupations or education levels.Most of the objects had the habit of eating lacquer oil,and the population who had eaten for more than 10 years accounted for 93.6%,and their average frequency of consumption was(0.25?0.75)times/w.The types of edible lacquer oil include white lacquer oil,black lacquer oil,mixed lacquer oil and other lacquer oils,among them,802 members(70.4%)ate edible white lacquer oil,506 members(44.4%)ate edible black lacquer oil and 121 members(9.6%)did not have the habit of eating edible lacquer oil habit.The main reason why a small number of people did not eat lacquer oil was allergy,followed by dislike.A total of 3.5%of the study participants had reactions after eating lacquer oil,main symptoms were skin rashes,followed by asthma and laryngeal edema,as well as constipation,body fever and facial edema.Body fat rate,visceral fat index and BMI were positively correlated with the amount of lacquer oil consumed(P<0.05).Waist circumference,systolic and diastolic blood pressure,sitting time,postpartum floor/working time were not correlated with the amount of lacquer oil consumed.Female's lacquer oil consumption and body fat rate were both higher than male's.Occupation was an influential factor of body fat rate,visceral fat index,waist-to-hip ratio,and BMI.Age was an influential factor of systolic blood pressure.(3)The highest awareness rate of the "Standards" in the tracking evaluation of the"Yunnan Provincial Food Safety Local Standard" was the "Sanitary Code for Central Disinfecting Service Units for Tableware and Drinks"(94.9%),and the lowest was the"Determination of patulin in food by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method "(27.5%).People of this study who knew the "Standards" of"Standards for Alcohol Content of Grape Wine","Standards for Tamarind Pies",and "Sanitary Code for Central Disinfecting Service Units for Tableware and Drinks",have upper level satisfaction,overall operability,and reasonable content evaluation,while they only have average level of satisfaction,overall operability,and content rationality evaluation for the" Standards for Black Tea of Changning","Determination of Parabens in Food by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)","Determination of Dimethyl Fumarate by High Performance Liquid Chromatography","Determination of patulin in food by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method","Standards for Dried Sanqi Flowers","Standards for Dried Sanqi Stems and Leaves".Conclusions:(1)There were differences in quality,fatty acid composition and content between lacquer seed oil and edible lacquer oil for sale.The oil quality of lacquer tree seeds was higher than that of edible lacquer oil for sale,and the content of unsaturated fatty acid was obviously higher than that of edible lacquer oil for sale.The improvement of processing technology could be considered to increase the utilization value of lacquer oil.(2)The edible rate of lacquer oil in Nujiang residents was higher,and the residents of this study generally believe that lacquer oil can promote postpartum recovery,enhance immunity,and relax blood circulation,especially promote postpartum recovery.Some people thought that lacquer oil also play roles in anti-inflammation,fatigue and penetration of the whole body.However,at present,the saturated fatty acid content of lacquer oil consumed by residents was high.It was suggested that residents eat lacquer seed skin and the lacquer seed oil extracted from lacquer tree seed oil after nuclear separation has a high content of unsaturated fatty acids,which was beneficial to human health.(3)After the formulation and publication of local standards for food safety in Yunnan province,it was necessary to strengthen training for personnel engaged in food supervision,inspection,production and processing,and to increase publicity to the public.So that food safety standards are truly implemented.According to different"standards",the respondents put forward some revision opinions and suggestions from different perspectives,which deserve the attention of relevant standard-setting departments.(4)In the study,the composition of Nujiang lacquer oil and the present situation of human consumption were grasped,and the implementation and application status of some local standards for food safety in Yunnan Province were also understood,which provided basic data and scientific basis for the formulation of food safety local standards for lacquer oil. |
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