Preparation Of Extracts Derived From Calvatia Gigantea And The Application In Cosmetics

Calvatia gigantea is a large fungus with dual use of medicine and food,which has the effect of detumescence,hemostasis and detoxification.The purpose of this paper is to prepare the extracts of Calvatia gigantea,to clarify its physical and chemical properties and biological activities,and to analyze its application in cosmetics.The results are as follows:1)The best technology of ethanol steam reflux extraction was used for the extraction of Calvatia gigantea,the yield of alcohol extract from Calvatia gigantea was 14.05%.Optimum technology for extracting polysaccharides of hot water extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis assisted hot water extraction was used for the water extracts of defatted Calvatia gigantea powder,the obtained extract is called the water extract of Calvatia gigantea.WCGP and ECGP were respectively recorded as the dry products of polysaccharide of Calvatia gigantea under the optimal alcohol precipitation condition of hot water extraction and enzymatic hydrolysis assisted hot water extraction,its yield was 8.92%and 10.56%,respectively.Weight-average molecular weight of WCGP and ECGP was 3.013×10~6Da and 3.158×10~4Da,respectively.WCGP is composed of glucosamine,galactose and glucose without mannose,the molar ratio of glucosamine,galactose and glucose is 0.296,0.306 and 0.398 respectively.ECGP is composed of galactose,glucose and mannose without glucosamine,the molar ratio of galactose,glucose and mannose is 0.074,0.882 and 0.044 respectively.ECGP and WCGP are two different types of polysaccharides.2)The IC50 values of hydroxyl radical,hydrogen peroxide and DPPH radical scavenging by WCGP were 4.052mg/mL,0.101mg/mL and 6.311mg/mL,respectively.The total antioxidant capacity of WCGP was 0.031429 mmol/g.The IC50 values of ECGP for scavenging hydroxyl radical,hydrogen peroxide and DPPH radical were 0.603mg/mL,0.168mg/mL and4.410mg/mL respectively.The total antioxidant capacity of ECGP was 0.050025mmol/g.The reducing power and anti-inflammatory activity of ECGP were stronger than WCGP.3)The water extracts of Calvatia gigantea which were prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis assisted hot water extraction,its IC50 values of hydroxyl radical scavenging,hydrogen peroxide scavenging and DPPH radical scavenging were 1.761mg/mL,0.171mg/mL and25.195mg/mL respectively,and its total antioxidant capacity was 0.012671973mmol/g.The water extracts of Calvatia gigantea which were prepared by hot water extraction,its IC50 values of hydroxyl radical scavenging,hydrogen peroxide scavenging and DPPH radical scavenging were 5.785mg/mL,0.105mg/mL and 37.289mg/mL respectively,and its total antioxidant capacity was 0.00740064mmol/g.The reducibility of water extracts of Calvatia gigantea from enzymatic hydrolysis assisted hot water extraction is more than hot water extraction.The anti-inflammatory activity of water extracts of Calvatia gigantea from hot water extraction is more than enzymatic hydrolysis assisted hot water extraction.4)The IC50 values of hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging by alcohol extracts of Calvatia gigantea were 0.514mg/mL and 0.132mg/mL respectively.The reducibility of alcohol extracts from Calvatia gigantea is strong.5)The hygroscopicity and moisture retention of polysaccharide of Calvatia gigantea were determined in vitro.Under low humidity and high humidity,the hygroscopicity of the samples were successively glycerine,ECGP,WCGP,sodium alginate,and the moisture retention of the samples were successively glycerine,ECGP,WCGP,sodium alginate.The results of the hygroscopicity and moisture retention are consistent.6)Two kinds of water extracts of Calvatia gigantea were obtained by two methods,each water extract added to the basic formula of skin care lotion can increase the moisturizing ability of skin care lotion in vivo.The moisturizing ability of water extracts of Calvatia gigantea from enzymatic hydrolysis assisted hot water extraction is more than hot water extraction.The addition of ECGP and WCGP to the basic formula of skin care lotion can both increase the moisturizing ability of skin care lotion in vivo.ECGP has better moisturizing ability than WCGP.7)The safety and stability of skin care lotion would not be affected by the addition of any one kind of extract(including:two kinds of water extracts of Calvatia gigantea obtained by two methods,alcohol extract of Calvatia gigantea,ECGP and WCGP)into skin care lotion.