Evaluation Method And Application Of Emergency Evacuation Capability Of Subway Station

Because of the closeness and complexity of the structure of the subway station,when fire and other emergencies occur,serious casualties will result.In the process of emergency evacuation,there are a lot of risk problems,which can easily lead to secondary accidents.The emergency evacuation capability of subway station is the key to ensure safe and efficient evacuation.Improving the emergency evacuation capability can effectively control and reduce accident casualties and avoid secondary accidents.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the emergency evacuation capability of subway station.This paper took the emergency evacuation capability of the subway station as the research object,and the objectiveness of the evaluation index system and evaluation method for the emergency evacuation ability was insufficient.The main research was as follows:Firstly,according to the actual situation of the subway station,the characteristics of emergency evacuation and the emergencies of the subway station were analyzed.And the characteristics of the emergency events in the subway station,the types of emergency events in the subway station,the emergency evacuation characteristics of the subway station and the factors affecting the emergency evacuation of the subway station were summarized.Secondly,based on the interviews with the staff of the subway station and the analysis of the relevant literature standards,the grounding theory was used to construct the evaluation index system for the emergency evacuation capability of the subway station emergency,including 4 first-level indicators,12 second-level indicators and 31 third-level indicators.Thirdly,based on the risk matrix to determine the risk level of evaluation index,the membership function was used to calculate the index value of each index,then the fusion weight value of secondary index was determined by AHP-entropy weight method,and the evaluation model of emergency evacuation capacity of subway station was established by combining grey correlation analysis.Finally,the evaluation index system and evaluation model were applied to the practical application of a subway station in Xi'an.Based on the evaluation results,corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the emergency evacuation capacity of the subway station.The research results show that the evaluation index system constructed in this paper is reasonable,and the emergency evacuation management,employee emergency response capability,stairs/elevator and passenger non-adaptive behavior have greater impact on emergency evacuation;The risk level of field command ability,herd behavior,panic behavior and emergency lighting facilities is higher.According to the evaluation results,the emergency evacuation capacity of a subway station in Xi'an is on the upper middle level in the near future.It can basically meet the requirements of emergency evacuation after public emergencies,and meet the assessment status of the subway station.At the same time,it also verifies the practicability and feasibility of the index system and evaluation model constructed in this paper.