Heavy Metals Investigation And Evaluation Of Hanfu Apple Orchards In Fushun City,Liaoning Province

Hanfu apple industry developes rapidly in Fushun area because of its good characteristics,such as higher cold resistance,high yield and good quality.In recent years,with the increase requirement in food safety and quality,the problem of heavy metal residues in fruits and vegetables has been drawing more and more attention.In order to explore heavy metals situation of Hanfu apple orchards in Fushun areas,we investigated 120 Hanfu apple orchards in Fushun area from July to October in 2018.And 50 Hanfu apple orchards selected in those 120 orchards were used as sampling sites.At the harvest season,both the soil samples and the fruit samples were collected for subsequent detecting and analysis,the main results are as follows:1.The contents of heavy metals in different parts of Hanfu apple fruit were obviously different.Lead in the peel was higher than that in the flesh,and cadmium in the peel was higher than that in the flesh.The detection rates of lead and cadmium were 100%,the exceeding rate of lead in peel was 6%,and the lead in flesh,cadmium in peel and flesh did not exceed the standards.The detection rates of lead,cadmium and arsenic in the soil samples of Hanfu apple orchards were 100%.The excess rate of cadmium in soil samplewas 12%.But the contents of lead and arsenic did not exceed the national safe value.2.The results of integrated pollution evaluation of heavy metals of Hanfu apple fruits showed that,integrated pollution evaluation grades of 94% of orchards were safty and cleanliness,and 6% of orchards were classified at the mild-pollution grade.The results of integrated pollution evalutation of heavy metals of orchard soil showed that,74% oforchards were classified at the clean grade,18% oforchards were at the clean grade,and 8% of orchards were at teh mild-pollution grade.3.The target risk index value of Hanfu apple fruits in Fushun area was less than 1.0,which is within the safty range.According to the results of health risk assessment,the contents of lead and cadmium in Hanfu apple did not reach the limit value of health hazard.4.The enrichment coefficient of heavy metals in Hanfu apple was less than 1.0,indicating that the migration ratios of lead and cadmium from from the soil to fruits in Hanfu apple orchards were very low.5.According to the results of determination of lead in the inner wall wax paper layer of the fruit-breeding bag,we think that the lead in the wall wax paper layer of the fruit-breeding bag is not the main factor of exceeding the standard of lead in the pericarp.There is no significant correlation between the frequency of fungicides,pesticides and fertilizers and lead and cadmium in Hanfu apple orchards.