Development Of Meal Replacement Powder Of Germinated Grains

Cereals usually refer to grain crops other than the five major crops of rice,wheat,corn,soybeans and potatoes.The general growth period of cereals is short and the yield is low,but the flavor is unique,nutritious and rich in a variety of biologically active ingredients,which has good health functions,and is listed as a healthy food resource by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization.The processing of miscellaneous grains is difficult and the taste is rough.Combined with the traditional eating habits of China and the needs of modern healthy eating,the processing of instant food substitute meal powder is a type of product that is easy for consumers to accept.The main ingredient of miscellaneous grains are starch.The key factor limiting the development of such products is that when pre-gelatinized starch is in contact with water,a gelatinized layer is formed at the junction of starch and water,which will enclose dry powder to form agglomerates.And the stability of the brewing is poor.In response to this problem,this paper uses germination and extrusion technology to treat miscellaneous grains,improve the nutrition and digestion ratio of miscellaneous grains,and improve the stability of brewing.The research results are as follows:1.Germination can promote the transfer of macromolecules to more easily absorbed small molecules and improve the nutritional value of the grain.The germination treatment of azuki bean,adlay seed and oat are carried out under the condition of 25℃and 95% relative humidity.The germination of nutrients,germination rate and sensory evaluation are considered.The azuki bean are selected for 36 h,and the adlay seed and oat are stopped for48 h.Among them: 1)the yield of azuki bean germination is 85.82%,the germination rate is100%,the reducing sugar content is 44.8% higher than that of ungerminated raw materials,and the soluble protein content is 1.3 times higher than that of ungerminated raw materials.The total phenol content is 10.9% higher than that of the ungerminated raw material;theγ--aminobutyric acid(GABA)content is 76.3% higher than that of the ungerminated raw material.2)The the yield of adlay seed is 85.87%,the germination rate is 68.88%,the reducing sugar content is 1.046%,which is 54.5% higher than that of ungerminated raw materials,the soluble protein content is increased by 2.02 times,and the total phenol content is increased by 12.8%,GABA content increased by 70.3%;3)the yield of oat germination is84.7%,the germination rate is 66.43%,reducing sugar content is 32.5% higher than non-germinated raw materials,the content of soluble protein is increased by 2.13 times,the total phenolic content is increased by 18%,and the content of GABA is increased by 79.2%.2.The germinated azuki bean,adlay seed and oats are treated by extrusion process,andthe process parameters are optimized to improve the stability of the grain.Research results: 1)The process conditions of germinated azuki bean powder expansion are: material moisture is14%,screw speed is 24 Hz,barrel temperature is 150℃,feeding rate is 25Hz;2)The process conditions of germinated adlay seed powder material moisture is 18%,screw speed is 28 Hz,the barrel temperature is 180℃,the feeding rate is 26 Hz;3)the process conditions of germinated oat powder expansion are:material moisture is 22%,the screw speed is 28 Hz,the barrel temperature is 170℃,and the feeding rate is 25 Hz.3.Extrusion has an effect on the quality characteristics of the raw materials.Research results: 1)The content of soluble protein,total phenol and γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)in germinated azuki bean,adlay seed and oat are slightly reduced after extrusion;2)The water absorption index(WAI)and water solubility index(WSI)of germinated azuki bean,adlay seed and oat are significantly improved after extrusion.4.The azuki beans,adlay seeds and oats flour after germination and puffing treatment are selected as the main raw materials,and the dry red dates,inulin and white granulated sugar are combined to design the composition.The final meal replacement powder formula: azuki bean 32%,adlay seed 24%,oat 16%,red dates dry 10%,inulin 10%,white granulated sugar 8%.