Nanoscale Inverted Pyramid Structured High-Efficient Quasi-Omnidirectional Silicon Solar Cells

Nanoscale inverted pyramid structures(NIPs)have always been regarded as one of the most paramount light management schemes to achieve the extraordinary performance in various devices,especially in solar cells,due to their outstanding antireflection ability with relative lower surface enhancement ratio.However,the current approaches to fabricating the NIPs are complicated and not cost-effective for the massive cell production in the photovoltaic industry.Here,controllable NIPs are fabricated on crystalline silicon(c-Si)wafers by Ag catalyzed chemical etching and alkaline modification,which is a preferable all-solutionprocessed method.Through applying the NIPs to c-Si solar cells and optimizing the cell design,we have successfully achieved highly efficient NIPs textured solar cells with the champion efficiency of 20.5%.Importantly,the NIPs textured solar cells are further demonstrated to possess the quasi-omnidirectional property over the broad sunlight incident angles of approximately 0°-60°.Moreover,the NIPs are theoretically revealed to offer light trapping advantage for ultrathin c-Si solar cells.Hence,the NIPs formed by the controllable method exhibit a great potential to be used in the future photovoltaic industry as surface texture.