Synthesis And Properties Of Anionic Waterborne Polyurethane Polymer Dyes

We replaced some of the traditional chain extenders into the aqueous polyurethane backbone or side chains by coloring small molecules to obtain the polymer dyes we needed.Our traditional dyes have poor heat resistance during the dyeing process,complicated processes and difficult treatment of wastewater.In order to solve the problem of safety,high efficiency and environmental protection,we have developed water-based polyurethane polymer dyes.We synthesize light with color bodies by covalently bonding the active groups of the small molecules of the color bodies with the polymer backbone.Absorbability and film forming properties,heat resistance and migration resistance of polymer materials overcome the shortage of small molecule dyes in migration,and have broad application prospects in polyester fiber dyeing and coatings.In this paper,the amino acid reactive groups present in the small molecule dyes are used to partially or completely replace the small molecule chain extenders to prepare aqueous polyurethanes with different optical properties,including carboxylic acid type black waterborne polyurethane and sulfonic acid type red fluorescent waterborne polyurethane.The synthesis and water-based formation of small molecule dyes are realized based on the synthesis of disperse blue type 60 water-based polyurethane.Moreover,we used various testing methods to study the light absorption and light emission characteristics of black waterborne polyurethane,red fluorescent waterborne polyurethane and dyeing properties on polyester.The main research works are as follows:(1)We use a reaction of a diisocyanate with a hydrogen atom to attach an azobenzene color body to an aqueous polyurethane to obtain a black aqueous polyurethane emulsion.Both aqueous polyurethane dispersions exhibit excellent emulsion stability.Infrared visible absorption spectroscopy,GPC,UV-visible spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,thermal analysis and other means were analyzed to confirm that the dispersed diazo black 3BF small molecule was successfully typed into waterborne polyurethane and showed excellent performance.The synthesized black waterborne polyurethane polymer dye was dyed on polyester fiber by a two-dip two-pass dyeing method,and the polyester fiber dyed with the water-based polyurethane polymer dye showed a high apparent color yield(K/S).,outstanding breaking strength retention(BSR),excellent breathability and crease resistance.(2)We synthesized a red fluorescent aqueous polyurethane emulsion by dispersing red 11 with a fluorescent dye.The fluorescence characteristics of the small molecule are still retained,and the fluorescence intensity is enhanced.The red fluorescent aqueous polyurethane shows a significant red shift in the absorption spectrum,and a significant blue shift occurs in the emission spectrum.The fluorescence intensity of red fluorescent waterborne polyurethane increases with increasing temperature,which is different from ordinary fluorescent materials.The polyester fiber dyed with the red fluorescent waterborne polyurethane exhibits high color yield,excellent breaking strength retention,good gas permeability and wrinkle resistance.According to the experimental results,the red fluorescent waterborne polyurethane exhibited excellent fluorescence and dyeing properties.(3)We have prepared a series of different proportions of Disperse Blue 60(DB60)type waterborne polyurethane by acetone method.When the polyurethane chain was chemically typed into Disperse Blue 60,the aqueous polyurethane changed from sky blue to deep purple,and a blue shift effect of 61 nm was observed in the ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum.Disperse blue 60 covalently bonded to the aqueous polyurethane chain was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet visible absorption spectroscopy.The resulting DB60-WPU has good thermal stability and remarkable storage stability.The basic structure,thermal and optical properties of DB60-WPU were characterized at different levels.At the same time,we explored the thermal migration and mechanical properties of DB60-WPU films.In this paper,three waterborne polyurethane polymer dyes including black waterborne polyurethane emulsion,red fluorescent waterborne polyurethane emulsion,and purple waterborne polyurethane emulsion were synthesized.We studied the light absorption properties,luminescent properties and dyeing properties,and applied them for polymer dyes.Development provides new ideas,and because of its water-based pollutionfree environment protection,water-based polyurethane polymer dyes as a new environmentally friendly material will be fully applied to fabric dyeing and coating in the next few decades.In various fields such as water-based paints,the application value has been greatly improved.