Clean Energy Technology And Biomass Analysis Of The Lignin As Quasi-liquid Fuels

In the past decades,coal,oil and other fossil fuels,as the main energy materials for social progress and development,have made tremendous contributions to promoting the progress and development of human society.Because fossil energy is capable of non-renewable,with people’s pursuit of high quality life,the use of fossil energy is increasing day by day,and will not be able to meet with the needs of human life and development.However,the alternative petroleum liquid fuels,which are concerned and invested heavily in research and development,are trapped in fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel with uncertain prospects.It is particularly urgent to find new energy sources.In this thesis,by adding dispersant and emulsifier,and adopting new production technology,lignin fine particles could be mixed with diesel oil as a quasi-liquid fuel between liquid and solid,which can replace diesel oil to provide energy power for transportation vehicles,taking advantage of the characteristics of high dispersion,high oxygen content and high calorific value of lignin.The thesis mainly contains the following work:(1)For the purpose of energy reuse and easy access to raw materials,lignin was extracted from black liquor of pulping and papermaking by physicochemical process,and the factors such as best pH value,temperature and reaction time were studied.The best extraction conditions were determined as pH value of 2,temperature of50℃and reaction time of 4 h.Because the density and color of lignin are related to the extraction process,the density of lignin extracted here is about 1.4 g/cm~3 by calculation,and the color is brown.(2)The lignin extracted from(1)was modified,and then the modified lignin was added to diesel for using.The lignin quasi-liquid fuel was prepared by emulsification process.Different emulsification process conditions directly affect the dispersion and stability of lignin emulsified diesel oil.The optimal lignin content,emulsifier content,emulsifying time and emulsifying speed of lignin emulsified diesel oil were well investigated in this thesis.The best technological conditions were as follows:lignin addition ratio 9%,emulsifier content 4%,emulsifying time 20 min,emulsifying speed10000 r/min.The lignin quasi-liquid fuel and diesel oil were used as working fuels of diesel engines.The operating conditions of diesel engines under the two fuels were compared and the consumption of lignin quasi-liquid fuel,diesel oil and exhaust emissions under the same operating conditions were performed.The experimental results show that the diesel engine using lignin quasi-liquid fuel could work steadily for a relatively long time,and the exhaust emission using lignin quasi-liquid fuel is obviously better than that using diesel fuel.It was also found that the smaller the particle size of lignin,the more diesel oil were replaced by lignin.(3)Lignin quasi-liquid fuel has also been popularized and studied in this thesis,and good results have been achieved in the field experience of the scene.It shows that lignin quasi-liquid fuel could be applied in diesel engine.In order to explore the economic feasibility of lignin quasi-liquid fuel,the economy of the independent production system of lignin quasi-liquid fuel was systematically analyzed.In order to provide economic evaluation basis for the production process of lignin quasi-liquid fuel,the production cost,project investment and operation cost under various working conditions were estimated comprehensively and economically in this thesis.According to the estimated results,lignin as a quasi-liquid fuel was addressed in this thesis is of a certain application prospect,in addition,an important significance in abating the pressures of energy shortage and improve the quality of environment in China.