Research On Characteristics Of Heilongjiang Province's Ecological Footprint And Its Influencing Factors

Since the beginning of the 21 st century,countries around the world have been facing the environmental deterioration caused by extensive economic growth.Sustainable development has become a problem that cannot be ignored in the development and progress of all mankind.The measurement of sustainable development level has become the focus of scholars in many countries.On this basis,the theory of ecological footprint emerged.The ecological footprint method created a generally accepted method that can quantitatively contrast whether the regional development is within the ecological carrying capacity.The ecological footprint model has a profound research history,abundant theoretical support,as well as a unified measurational unit,which can be used for the comparison of globalization.Many advantages have led domestic scholars to use this method to conduct in-depth ecological footprint related research in China and its urban areas.Heilongjiang Province is located in the hinterland of Northeast Asia.It is an important window for China to opening up in Northeast Asia.It has a vast area,especially abundant grain,forest and mineral resources.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the rapid industrial development has made the economic developed fast in Heilongjiang Province,rapidly made it become one of the provinces with the highest urbanization rate in China,followed by ecological environment problems such as land resources destruction represented by forest land.With the deceleration of economic development and population loss in Heilongjiang Province in recent years,the sustainable development of Heilongjiang Province is gradually moving towards a grim development prospect.Taking Heilongjiang Province as the main research area,this paper calculates and analyses the ecological footprint of all kinds of land in Heilongjiang Province in the past 15 years,evaluates the process and trend of the change of ecological footprint in Heilongjiang Province in terms of quantity and structure,analyses the influencing factors of the change of ecological footprint inHeilongjiang Province with partial least squares regression method,and evaluates Heilongjiang Province in terms of the results of multiple regression analysis.At last,provide quantifiable basis for the improvement of sustainable development in Heilongjiang Province by combine the level of economic development,industrial structure and population growth in Heilongjiang Province,The results show that the ecological footprint of Heilongjiang Province is increasing year by year from 2000 to 2016,in which the proportion of the ecological footprint of fossil energy consumption is the largest,and the contribution rate of the ecological footprint of fossil energy is increasing year by year.The ecological footprint of 10,000 yuan GDP of Heilongjiang Province has been declining in the whole period,which indicates that the utilization efficiency of resources in this area has maintained a growth trend in the study period.In terms of influencing factors,the results indicates that there is a positive correlation between population density,GDP,output value of secondary industrial output,urban area and urban population proportion in Heilongjiang Province and ecological footprint.At the same time,the education level and number of patent application acceptance also have a significant impact on ecological footprint,and there is a negative correlation with ecological footprint.Relations,development of science and technology education and improvement of population quality play an important role in reducing regional ecological footprint.Finally,according to the current situation of ecological footprint development in Heilongjiang Province,ecology and population in Heilongjiang Province,reasonable suggestions are put forward for the reduction of ecological footprint of Heilongjiang Province.