Study On Wine And Its Social Efficiency In Spring And Autumn Period And Warring States Period

Wine has been produced in ancient times.After three generations of development in Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties,it has achieved great development in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods.At that time,there were more and more kinds of wine,including cereal wine,blended wine and fruit wine.Among them,cereal wine is the main alcoholic beverage people consume daily.Wine preparation is often used for sacrifice,health preservation and special drinking on festivals.The improvement of koji-making technology is the direct reason for the rich wine.The emergence of "six necessities" in wine-making marked the maturity of ancient wine-making theory in China.The invention of wheat starter and biscuit improved the quality of wine.At the same time,with the increase of grain production,the progress of handicraft technology and the increasing demand for wine in society,the wine-making industry in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period developed rapidly.Therefore,the ruler established a corresponding system of wine officers to strengthen the production management of wine industry.Although all kinds of wine officers have different levels,duties and subordinates,they cooperate with each other and work together to ensure the normal operation of national wine activities.The opening of social atmosphere promotes the prevalence of drinking and becomes an irreversible trend.Drinking wine became a popular activity in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.The occasions of sacrifices,weddings,funerals,feasts and drinks all have corresponding wine rituals.The ritual is made of wine,and the ritual is borrowed from the wine to reflect the orderly,intimate and distant connotation of etiquette.In addition,alcohol plays an important role in politics,military affairs,medical treatment and other aspects.Of course,the negative effects of alcohol can not be ignored.