Evaluation Of The Health Benefits From New Energy Vehicles' Replacement In Chongqing

Fighting the battle for pollution prevention and control'well is one of the three major battles in the period of building a well-off society in an all-round way and deciding victory,which was put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping in the report of the Nineteenth National Congress.With the improvement of water environmental quality,air pollution has become one of the most important factors affecting urban environmental quality and the health of urban residents.At present,among the sources of air pollutants in major Chinese cities,the proportion of exhaust gas discharged by motor vehicles is increasing,and the environmental pollution damage caused by automobile exhaust is also increasingly serious.Chinese urban development has gone through several stages.The important goal of urban development is to build a green and livable city.As more and more cities move high-polluting enterprises out of urban areas,vehicles are becoming the biggest source of pollution in cities.The alternative use of new energy vehicles is an important strategic measure to realize the goal of green and livable urban development.New energy vehicles can bring many environmental benefits for the society,how to according to the new energy vehicles instead of usingthe environmental benefits of reasonable subsidies and tax policy,actively and orderly promote new energy automobile alternative to ICE cars is an urgent need to study the problem,based on the research of new energy vehicles instead of using quantitative value for environmental health research.In this paper,Chongqing is selected as the case study area.Firstly,this paper analyzes the atmospheric environment impact brought by the alternative use of new energy vehicles and the improvement of atmospheric pollution degree brought by the replacement of traditional internal combustion engine vehicles.Secondly build health and effect evaluation system,through the dose-response method to establish the relationship between the atmospheric pollutants concentration and health status changes,namely is It is to establish the relationship between the disease mortality,hospitalization rate,outpatient emergency rate and morbidity rate and the concentration of atmospheric pollutants,and to evaluate the health effects of the alternative use of new energy vehicles,such as the reduction of deaths,inpatient visits and the number of outpatient and emergency visits.Then the revised human capital law and disease cost method are used to evaluate the economic value of the health effect,that is,the environmental health benefits of the alternative use of new energy vehicles.IFinally,according to the assessment of environmental health value of the new energy vehicle promotion policy thinking.The results show that when the replacement rate of new energy vehicles to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles is 5%,10%,20%and 50%respectively,the value of health benefits brought to the main urban area of Chongqing is 1.027 billion yuan,2.024 billion yuan,3.982 billion yuan and 9.509 billion yuan respectively,accounting for 0.19%,0.38%,0.75%and 1.76%of the GDP of Chongqing in that year.The largest source of health benefits from alternative use of new energy vehicles is the reduction of deaths from cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases,and the pollutant with the highest contribution rate to the total environmental health value is NO₂.