Health Benefit Assessment Of Air Quality Control Measures For Major Events

A lot of epidemiological studies have shown that short-term exposure under air pollution has significant negative effects on human health.As a developing country with rapid development,China is facing severe environmental problems at the present stage,especially air pollution.At the same time,more and more major events including international sports events and political summits,are held in China.In order to guarantee good air quality during the events,government has formulated a lot of measures to control pollution and carried out quantitative assessment of the health benefits by implementing air quality control measures during the major events.This action can not only enhance people's understanding of the huge investment in air quality control measures,but also can provide decision-support for related department to push the environmental policy making.In this study,the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games was taken as an example to demonstrate specific air quality control measures and set up four air quality control measures.Considering the artificial control measures in addition to reducing the number of deaths by reducing the concentration of atmospheric pollutants,traffic restrictions and industrial control measures will also reduce the deaths caused by accidents.In order to more accurately estimate the health benefits of artificial control measures through improving air quality,based on the fixed effect model,this paper constructed a pollutant concentration model under different air quality control measures,and fitted the concentration of four pollutants in SO₂,NO₂,PM₂.5 and PM₁0 in 2014 to determine the concentration of pollutants and the quantitative control measures.relationship.The results of the study indicate that air quality control measures do significantly reduce atmospheric pollutant concentrations.Scenario 1:control measures reduced the concentrations of SO₂,NO₂,PM₂.5,and PM₁0 by 6.63%,12.96%,8.72%,and 10.30%,respectively.The strengthening measures of Scenario 2 decreased by 12.19%,8.89%,25.05%,and 30.86%,respectively.It is obviously that the greater the intensity of air quality control measures,the greater decrease in air pollutant concentration.Meanwhile,this study selected six health terminals of all-cause,cardiovascular disease,respiratory disease,stroke,ischemic heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Combined with the timeline analysis of pollutant concentration and demographic data in 2014,the writher constructed a health effect model of air quality control measures for major events by using The Poisson regression model and determined the exposure response coefficient of pollutant concentration and death effect.The results show that the increase in the concentration of the four pollutants will bring additional population all-effects and acute effects of special cause death.PM₂.5 was significantly associated with all-cause mortality and death due to special causes other than stroke,and PM₁0 was significantly associated with six causes of death.SO₂ was significantly associated with all-cause mortality and death due to special causes other than stroke and ischemic heart disease.NO₂ is only significantly associated with all-cause,cardiovascular disease,and ischemic heart disease death.For every 2?g/m3 increase in concentrations of SO₂,NO₂,PM₂.5,and PM₁0,the all-cause mortality rate in Nanjing increased by 2.91%?95%CI:1.57%-4.24%?,1.36%?95%CI:0.62%-2.11%?,0.55%?95%CI:0.23%-0.87%?,0.39%?95%CI:0.15%-0.62%?,respectively.The exposure response coefficient of SO₂ and population death was the largest,and the death response coefficients of cardiovascular system,respiratory disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 3.86%?95%CI:1.89%-5.84%?,7.31%?95%CI?.:3.52%-11.09%)and 8.01%?95%CI:2.48%-13.55%?respectively,followed by NO₂,PM₂.5,PM₁0.Last but not least,based on the four pollutant concentrations,population,and death data during the implementation of the Nanjing Youth Olympic Games air quality control measures?July 1 to August 31?,the health effect and economic profit and loss model under the air quality management measures of Nanjing Youth Olympic Games were constructed based on the method of vital statistics,which is used to make quantitative assessment of the health benefits of the population caused by changes in pollutant concentration caused by control measures.The results show that the investment in air control measures has indeed achieved huge positive health effects and economic benefits.During the implementation of the measures?July 1,2014 to August 31,2014?,the number of all-cause deaths of 97.7-1365.2 was reduced by human measures.The number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases reduced of 528.2-1055.7,and the number of deaths of respiratory diseases reduced of 206.0-255.3 The number of stroke deaths reduced by 99.5.The number of deaths from ischemic heart disease reduced of 122.1-309.6 and the number of deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reduced of 88.6-113.1.Among them,the control measures have the greatest health effects caused by improving NO₂ concentration,reducing 1697 deaths from all causes,1055.7 deaths from cardiovascular diseases,and 309.6 deaths from ischemic heart disease.Based on the value of life statistics?VOSL?of 34,458 US dollars,the economic benefits of Nanjing Youth Olympic Games air quality control measures reached 4.1711-7.2427 billion US dollars?3-4.45 billion yuan?.Among them,the economic benefits caused by artificial measures to reduce NO₂ concentration are the highest,followed by particulate matter and SO₂ is the lowest,indicating that the control measures of the Youth Olympic Games have a more significant effect on improving NO₂ and particulate matter pollution,which is related to the overall low SO₂ pollutant concentration in NanjingIn summary,the implementation of strict air quality control measures during major events not only helps ensure air quality,but also obtains considerable health effects and economic benefits.Quantitative assessment of these benefits can provide technical support to guide government agencies to develop relevant policies more scientifically.