| Studies on the biology of Potosia brevitarsis Lewis on feeding the Locusta migratoria manilensis(Meyen)dung-sand were carried out in this paper.the data of the agricultural organic waste in the Science and Technology Park and the domestic wet garbage in the South Campus of Shandong Agricultural University were investigated.then,the Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand,corn stalk,wheat stalk,peanut shell and toilet paper were selected as test materials,studies on the transformation capacity and gut bacteria of Potosia brevitarsis larvae on feeding five kinds of materials in different fermentation cycles were carried out.and the resource utilization value of the larvae and dung-sand of Potosia brevitarsis was explored.All these were in order to provide the technology programs and theory basis for the advanced application of Potosia brevitarsis,and also provide the reference for the application of the transformation treatment to more kinds of organic waste.The main results are as follows:1.The agricultural organic waste of the Science and Technology Park is centrally produced from May to November,the annual production is above 80t,mainly corn stalks,animal manure and farmland weeds.The daily production of campus domestic garbage is above 5t,the percentage of wet garbage is 63.91%,of dry garbage is 35.58%,and of special garbage is 0.51%.The percentage of wet garbage“secondary classification”is 32.65%of leftovers,15.67%of peel and kernel,1.95%of expired food,8.46%of toilet paper and 0.96%of dry nut shell,and The percentage of dry garbage“secondary classification”is 12.00%of fast food box,7.75%of plastic bag,7.23%of beverage cup,4.01%of recycling materials(recyclable garbage)and 3.82%of express package.2.The suitable breeding temperature of Potosia brevitarsis is 22°C~28°C,preferably25°C~28°C,and the whole generation development period is 126.62(±1.05)d at 25°C.Were suitable the conditions could anniversary breeding.The order of adult fecundity on feeding 11species fruits is:mango>pineapple>grape>apple>peach>pear>watermelon>melon>plum>apricot>tomato,the highest 207,the lowest 68.It is preliminarily concluded that the Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand is an excellent feed for the growth and breeding of Potosia brevitarsis larvae,in addition,the preferred rotten fruit species as adult food,they can lay the foundation for the advanced application of Potosia brevitarsis.3.The optimal fermentation cycles of Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand,corn stalk,wheat stalk,peanut shell and toilet paper are 25d,25d,30d,35d and 35d for 3rd instar larvae of Potosia brevitarsis,while the optimal fermentation cycle of Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand for 2nd instar larvae is 30d.Under the optimal fermentation cycle,each100g fermented Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand can convert 2nd instar larvae(3.04g)and dung-sand(81.90g)or 3rd instar larvae(4.37g)and dung-sand(74.48g),and 3rd larvae was stronger in feed utilization efficiency,transformation capacity and resistibility than 2nd instar larvae.Each 100g fermented corn stalk,wheat stalk,peanut shell can correspondingly convert3rd instar larvae(4.63g)and dung-sand(77.32g),larvae(3.11g)and dung-sand(73.57g),larvae(2.39g)and dung-sand(83.89g).The transformtion effect of larvae to feed the fermented toilet paper is poor.4.The 3rd instar larvae of Potosia brevitarsis contains 53.8%protein,6.6%fat and44.68%18 species amino acids.It is a high-protein insect material with better quality.The DOM of the larvae dung-sand of Potosia brevitarsis on feeding five kinds of materias are less than 45%,and the NPK content is 6.10%for corn stalk feed based,5.95%for Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand feed based,4.33%for wheat stalk feed based,and 3.67%for peanut shell feed based,1.94%for toilet paper feed based,and the larvae dung-sand can be used as a characteristic biological fertilizer.The experiment of potted Brassica rapa chinensis returned to the field showed that the application of 0.13g at 1cm~2 was the best.5.The 3rd instar larvae gut bacteria of Potosia brevitarsis on feeding five kinds of materias were annotated to 27 phylums,59 classes,112 orders,210 families,360 genera.Clostridiales unspecified genus are the common dominant genera of group A(Locusta migratoria manilensis dung-sand),B(wheat stalk),C(corn stalk)and D(peanut shell),and Xylanimicrobium is the dominant genera of group A,B,and D,Bacillus and Cellulosimicrobium are the dominant genera of group E(toilet paper).Alpha diversity analysis showed that the difference between the five groups was not significant,the diversity of the group C was more abundant,and the gut bacteria of the group B were more concentrated.Beta diversity analysis showed significant differences in bacterial communities between groups.The results of bacterial community function showed that the group E was rich in fructose and mannose metabolism,galactose metabolism and phenyl propanoid biosynthesis pathways,and the other four groups were rich in lipid synthesis protein pathway system. |
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