Preparation And Properties Of Recycled Sound-Resistant Felt Matrix Composites

With the speed of textile renewal and the increasing number of waste textiles,how to effectively use waste textiles and realize the recycling of resources is an important measure in response to green environmental protection,energy conservation and emission reduction.In order to recycle a large amount of waste polyester and polyester beverage bottles,this research is based on waste polyester fiber and bottle regenerated fiber,low-melting polyester as binder,needle-punched carding,hot air baking and bonding technology to prepare the fluffy felt-based material.The bamboo fibrils obtained from the stem of the bamboo material are physically used as reinforcements,and the low-melting-point fibers are used as binders,preparing the hard plates by hot rolling of a flat vulcanizer.Test the performance of all aspects of the two composite felt materials,and then combine them in the form of"sandwich"to prepare a multi-layer composite regenerated acoustical felt-based composite material,the difference is the drying time,fiber mass ratio and outer side of the fluffy felt-based material,the composite combination of the cardboard sheets.Test the sound insulation amount of each combination,calculate the average sound insulation amount,and performe the comparative analysis.The specific research content is as follows:1.Test to evaluate whether the performance of waste polyester and black polyester（ie,bottle regenerated fiber）is consistent with the use of Non-woven process requirements for product preparation.Test and analysis the properties of bamboo fibrils and low melting point fibers whether can meet the requirements as reinforcements and adhesives.2.The needle-punching hot-rolling test line is selected to open the mixed combing net of the fiber raw material,the air-blasting oven is used for the bake-forming of the fiber web,and the flat vulcanizing machine is used for the hot-rolling forming of the hard plate.3.The fluffy felt-based material is prepared by using black polyester,waste polyester and low-melting polyester.The temperature is 180^oC,the pressure is 0.3MPa,and the mass ratio of black polyester/waste polyester/low-melting polyester is 20:50:30,30:40:30,40:30:30,50:20:30,the prepared hot drying time was 6 min,8 min,10 min.4.Using bamboo raw fiber and low melting point fiber to prepare hard bamboo fiber board,the process parameters are:bamboo fiber/low melting point polyester fiber mass ratio is 30:70,40:60,50:50,60:40,70:30 The temperature is between（180±3）^oC,the hot drying time is 4 min,and the pressure is 0.4 MPa.The plate is vulcanized by hot rolling into a hard plate.The process parameters are:the temperature of the vulcanizer is 130^oC,the preheating is 30 minutes,the hot rolling time is set to 10 minutes,and the pressure is 1 MPa.5.During preparation,the thickness of the felt-based material is controlled to be 13 mm,and the morphology is observed.The surface density,gas permeability and heat transfer performance of the felt-based material are tested and analyzed.The thickness of the bamboo fiber mat is controlled to be 10 mm,and the morphology is observed.Test and analysis of bamboo fiber mat surface density,gas permeability,tensile fracture properties,heat transfer performance.The fiber quality ratio with the best performance of the bamboo fiber mat was obtained by the comprehensive evaluation method,and it was selected as the outer hard board of the"sandwich"structural composite material.6.Based on the fiber mass ratio of the felt-based material,the hot air pressing time and the composite mode of the outer hard plate,48 kinds of regenerated acoustic insulation felt-based composite materials with different processes were prepared,and the sound insulation amount was tested.The orthogonal test method and comprehensive method were adopted.The balance method results in an optimal combination of regenerated acoustic insulation felt-based composites.Through a series of experiments,analysis and research,this paper draws conclusions:all the raw materials have the requirements of the non-woven production process;test and analyze the performance of the inner fluffy felt-based material,and found that the surface density of the inner felt-based material is 1047.11-1584.27g·m^-2.As the content of black polyester increases,the air permeability of the felt-based material decreases.With the change of time,the thermal resistance of different proportions of felt-based materials is firstly larger and then smaller,and the heat transfer coefficient is reversed.The performance of bamboo fiber mat is tested and analyzed.It is found that the density of bamboo fiber mat is 623.1-1379.7g.·m^-2,as the bamboo fiber content increases,the areal density of the composite felt increases.With the increase of bamboo fiber content,the heat transfer coefficient gradually increases,the breaking strength and elongation at break increase gradually,the gas permeability first increases and then decreases,and the best gas permeability is 5:5,The amount reached 885.35mm per second.In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance,a bamboo fiber mat having a fiber mass ratio of 7:3 was selected as a base material of the outer hard sheet of the regenerated sound-insulating felt-based composite material.The 7:3 bamboo fiber mat is hot-rolled into 5mm,10mm and 15mm thick hard sheets by a flat vulcanizing machine.Considering the influence of the addition of the outer sheets on the sound insulation,a 5mm+5mm outer combination and thickness are added,compare with 10mm sheets;test the sound-insulation curve of composite materials with frequency and calculate the average sound insulation quantity,and then determine the optimal combination of regenerated sound-insulating felt-based composite materials by orthogonal test method and comprehensive balance method.That isC₄ B₁ A₂,the thickness of the outer bamboo fiber hard plate is 15 mm,and the fiber quality of the inner felt-based material is 2:5:3 than that of the black polyester/waste polyester/low-melting polyester,and the pressing time is 8 min.The average combined sound insulation of the optimally combined regenerated acoustical felt-based composite material reached23.95 dB,the sound insulation in the frequency band of 4000-6300 Hz reached more than 35 dB.In addition,the sound insulation amount is closely related to the surface density of the inner felt-based material.According to the experimental analysis,the surface density is controlled to be the best at 1250¹300g·m^-2;the sound insulation of the 5mm+5mm combination is greater than 10mm,In the case of materials,the thickness of the material is appropriately increased within a reasonable range of the thickness of the material,and the sound insulating material is combined as much as possible in a multi-layer composite manner,so that the greater effect can be achieved.The experimental analysis research done by this subject provides a certain application basis for the preparation of functional composite materials from waste textiles and has important practical significance for the subsequent development of other functionalized recycled products.