| Pinus koraiensis a unique tree species in Northeast China and is widely distributed.Its needles belongs to pine by-products,renewable natural resources,pine needles are rich in nutrients and chemicals,but most of them are consumed as fuel,resulting in the waste and losses of resources.The experiment takes pine needle as raw material to extract and identify the effective ingredients and apply them to the food industry,which is of great significance to save energy,improve the utilization rate of waste and improve the economic value of pine needle.The main research contents are summarized as follows:(1)The size of extraction rate of total flavonoids from Korean pine needle by ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonic cell crusher was compared,and it is obtained that Extraction of total flavonoids from Pinus koraiensis Needle by ethanol assisted by ultrasonic cleaner was:The ratio of material to liquid is g/mL at 1:52,the ultrasonic temperature is 76,the volume fraction of ethanol is 51%,the ultrasonic time is 103 min,and the yield of total flavonoids is 5.82%.Ultrasonic cell Crusher Assisted ethanol extraction of Pinus koraiensis Needle total flavonoids the technological conditions was:Ultrasonic work/gap time is 3/2(s/s),Material to liquid ratio 1:65 g/mL,ethanol volume fraction 55%,ultrasonic total time 46 min,ultrasonic power ratio 70%,total flavonoids yield is 4.88%(2)AB-8 macroporous resin was selected to purify total flavonoids from Pinus koraiensis Needle.The purification conditions were optimized and the optimal conditions were determined by dynamic experiments.The concentration of the sample solution is 2mg/mL,the upper sample is pH=5,the maximum sample size is 3BV,the flow velocity is 2BV/h,the flow velocity of the eluent is 1.5BV/h,and the volume fraction of the eluent is 75%.The purity of the total flavonoids from Pinus koraiensis can be obtained from 16.96%to 47.38%.(3)Using ultraviolet spectrum(UV)infrared spectrum(IR)the maximum absorption wavelength of total flavonoids in Korean pine needles was determined and the main functional groups of flavonoids in the needles were identified.The total flavonoids of Korean pine needles were determined qualitatively and quantitatively by liquid chromatography,and the results showed that the total flavonoids of Korean pine needles contained myricetin and quercetin.The contents of naringin,kaempferol and isorhamnetin was as follows(8.42%,17.49%,3.12%,10.92%,9.79%),and further determining the structure of total flavonoids in Pinus koraiensis Needle by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)(4)The changes of antioxidant properties of total ketones of Pinus koraiensis Needleafter digestion and absorption in human gastrointestinal fluid were compared.The application of total flavonoids of pine needles in the making of acid-carnellae cake was studied,and the uptake and release of total flavonoids of Pinus koraiensis Needle were obtained after digestion by gastric juice for 3 hours.Digestion of gastric juice for Oh the total bioavailability was 16.4%after digestion and absorption of the small intestine at 4 times.The total flavonoids were reduced to DPPH-,·OH,O2-· and scavenging ability after small intestine absorption(5)The optimum technological conditions for the production of melinic acid horn cake are as follows:the amount of honey is 60 mL,the total flavone of pine needle is 2 g,the amount of compound glue is 1.5 g,and the drying time is 15 h.(Temperature 40?)the finished product is soft and delicious,sweet and sour. |
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