| Objective: In order to make full use of the resources of Angelica sinensis,the object takes its development and utilization as a starting point,using A.leaves as the main raw materials,studied the best harvest time of A.leaves,made them into A.leaf tea initially by modern technology.Optimizing the frying technology of A.leaf tea and developing the quality evaluation of A.leaf tea.Finally,drew out the draft quality standards.To study the change regulation of active ingredient in roots,stems,leaves and different months of A.sinensis,excavate its resourceful chemical composition and laying the foundation for the development and utilization of other parts of the A.sinensis.Methods: We collected experimental samples in the main producing area of Min county.After preliminary processing,identification studies of roots,stems,leaves,flowers and fruits of A.sinensis in different months was completed.Water content(toluene method),total ash content,acid insoluble ash,and leaching(hot dip method)were determined according to the method in the fourth part of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2015 edition);determination of general flavone and polysaccharides by UV;the content of chlorogenic acid,rutin,hyperoside and ferulic acid in the samples were determined by HPLC,and ensure that the best harvest time of A.leaves was determined;orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize the frying process of A.leaf tea and determine the best frying technology.Carry out quality assessment research and develop draft quality standards.SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data.Results: 1.Aerial parts microscopic results show that the cross-section vascular group of A.stems were arranged in a crescent shape,facing the xylem bundle and surrounding the cortex.Vascular bundle are external toughening type,parenchyma cells are oval or subcircular;powder is light green or green white,commonly see catheter,mostly are threaded catheters;fiber scattered or bundled;thin-walled cells are rectangular.Stomata of upper epidermis of A.leaves are rare and there are many pores in the lower epidermis,and most of them are infinitive.Powder is green,parenchyma cells are spindle,pores are more common,mainly infinitive,guard cells have 3~4,rare 5;most of the catheters are scalariform and threaded,the diameter of them are from 6.20 to 33.44μm.2.TLC results display that in the same position as rutin,A.stems and leaves have fluorescent spots but there are no fluorescent spots in the roots,we can presume that there is rutin in stems and leaves,less or no rutin in roots.Chlorogenic acid is found in roots,stems and leaves of A.sinensis,and it can be inferred from the intensity of fluorescent spots,the content of chlorogenic acid in A.roots was less,while the content of stems,leaves and flowers in aerial parts is more.3.The results of determination of total ash,acid insoluble ash,water extracts,and alcohol extracts in roots,stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits of A.sinensis in different months were as follows.The total ash content is between 6.03%~6.46%,9.56%~10.32%,7.03%~7.21%,6.52%and 6.79%~7.00% respectively;The acid-insoluble ash content was between 1.18%~1.45%,2.89%~3.25%,2.00%~2.25%,1.70% and 1.90%~1.99%;The content of water extracts was between 49.37%~63.95%,25.12%~34.74%,30.83%~38.11%,41.21% and 30.74%~32.20% respectively;The content of alcohol extracts ranged from 44.64% to 55.01%,17.20% to 30.18%,26.01% to 33.52%,40.69%,and 24.82% to 28.01%,respectively.4.The contents of total flavone in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and fruits of A.sinensis during different months are between 8.0419~9.7056,18.4782~26.42828,79.7957~113.4709,128.6902,70.0231~75.6708mg/g respectively;The polysaccharide determination results is between 64.3726~82.6311,24.8474~39.4640,18.2663~34.3473,35.4506,and 24.9284~26.5622 mg/g,respectively.5.The results of determination of chlorogenic acid in roots,stems,leaves,flowers and fruits of A.sinensis from different months is between 1.7142~2.1052,3.3056~4.1458,8.0224~14.6466,1.4468,and 5.8956~8.1325mg/g respectively;The content of rutin in stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits are 1.0410~1.2818,9.9743~18.1210,0.6784,4.5798~8.1325 mg/g,respectively.The content of hyperin in stems,leaves,flowers and fruits are 0.0638~0.1663,0.4081~0.6531,0.5506,and 0.8597~0.9027mg/g,respectively;The content of ferulic acid in roots and stems samples respectively are0.6275~0.7213 and 0.1404~0.2231mg/g.Among them,rutin and hyperoside were not detected in roots,and ferulic acid was not detected in leaves,flowers and fruits.6.The content of active ingredients in the leaves of A.sinensis was determined and the optimal harvest period of A.leaves was determined in combination with the yield.7.After the optimization,the A.leaf tea frying process is 100℃ fixing for 1 min,rubbing 1000 times,the first stage was 100℃ frying for 3 minutes,and the second stage was 200℃ frying for 7 minutes.8.The water,total ash,acid insoluble ash,water extract and alcohol extract of the three groups of A.leaf tea were between 9.25%~9.37%,6.18%~6.27%,1.53%~1.59%,32.24%~32.38%,and30.18%~31.23%,respectively;the content of total flavones,polysaccharides,chlorogenic acid,rutin and hyperoside respectively were between 130.4625~131.3114,23.2413~23.9056,24.27357~24.5939,17.0818~17.3562,and 0.8223~0.8256 mg/g.RSD values are all less than 3%,so the process is stable and reliable.The draft quality standards for A.leaf tea are shown in Appendix 1.Conclusions: The established process is stable and reliable.The established method for the determination of total flavonoids,polysaccharides and chlorogenic acid,rutin,hyperoside content is accurate,simple and repeatable,and can be used to evaluate the quality of the aerial parts of the A.sinensis.There were some differences in the chemical composition of the roots,stems and leaves samples of A.sinensis.Rutin and hyperoside were not detected in roots,but ferulic acid was not detected in leaves,flowers and fruits of A.sinensis.By comparison,we found that the highest content of chlorogenic acid was 14.66466mg/g,which was detected from leaves;the highest content of total flavonoids was 128.6902mg/g,which was detected in flowers;and the highest content of hyperin was 0.9027mg/g,which was detected in fruits.There are a large number of active substances in the stems,leaves,flowers,and fruits of the A.sinensis.The main components are flavonoids such as rutin and hyperin,and the content is much higher than that of roots.The aerial parts of the A.sinensis has certain development significance. |
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