Occupational Hazard Assessment And Analysis Of Key Control Points In A Nickel-cadmium Power Factory

Objective To evaluate the occupational hazards of a nickel-cadmium factory using two methods and to explore its feasibility.Hazard analysis was conducted to find key control points to provide basis for the prevention and control of occupational harmful factors of similar enterprises.Methods Occupational investigations were conducted to identify and detect hazards in a large nickel-cadmium power factory.USEPA inhalation risk assessment methods were used to calculate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk values.Quantitative grading method was used to evaluate the level of job exposure of exposed workers and to make comparison and discussion.Analyze the identified hazard links and find the occupational hazard key control points.Results(1)The results of occupational survey.The Short-term exposure limit(STEL)and Time-weighted average(TWA)of posts involved in cadmium and its compounds exceeded the national occupational exposure limits(0.02 mg/m~3?0.01mg/m~3).The positions involving nickel and its compounds,xylene,and benzene all meet the national occupational exposure limits.Noise: The pass rate of the piece of cathode manufacturing unit was 33.33%,all the piece of anode manufacturing units were qualified,and the pass rate of the assembled unit was 83.33%.(2)The results of USEPA inhalation risk assessment.Carcinogenic risk: The value of post risk for cadmium and its compounds is 2.84×10-4~9.82×10-3,and the value of post risk for nickel and its compounds is 2.80×10-5~3.19×10-3,and the value of post risk for benzene is 2.61×10-10 ~9.24×10-10.Above positions,the probability of cadmium,nickel,and their compounds were considered as being at high risk of causing lung tumors.And the probability of benzene induced blood system diseases were considered as being at low risk.Hazardous Quotient(HQ): The risk involved in benzene were considered as low and the risk involved in xylene were considered as high.(3)The results of quantitative classification.The ranks of post jobs involving cadmium and its compounds are all grade III(heavy hazard operations),and the remaining chemical hazards are grade 0(relatively harmless operations).There are 4 posts involving minor noise hazards and 1 medium-damage post.(4)Critical control points.The operation unit involving cadmium and its compounds were considered as the main key control point.The ranks of post jobs involving nickel and its compounds,xylene and noise should be considered as the key monitoring points.Conclusion(1)The main occupational hazards for this nickel-cadmium power factory are cadmium and its compounds,nickel and its compounds,xylene,and noise.Among them,the cathode tab manufacturing unit is a key control area.(2)USEPA inhalation risk assessment model has a higher sensitivity than the domestic quantitative classification method and can evaluate long-term cumulative health effects.Comprehensive use of the two methods can provide a more comprehensive assessment of the occupational health risks of nickel-cadmium power factory.