Analysis Of Water Environment Characteristics Of Songhua River Based On Ice Shelf And Preventive Measures

The Songhua River water environment has become one of the important components of water ecological security in China.With the strengthening of economic and political cooperation with neighboring countries,the Songhua River water environment has become one of the important components of water ecological security in China.It will also suffer more and more environmental challenges.In this paper,Songhua River was used as the object of study.Based on the natural and human factors influencing the water quality of Songhua River,the principle of chemical oxygen demand,biochemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen were selected in this paper.Of the eight water quality monitoring indicators as the Songhua River water quality evaluation of the basic indicators.The water quality data used in the study are the monthly monitoring of the lime kiln,Liujiatun,the ancient city,the fresh,the second section,the two sub-hydrological stations,the Next Dai ji,the Cai jia gou and the Jiang jiang section value.The method of water quality evaluation is single factor and BP neural network.The factor analysis method is used to rank each section,and the pollution order of each section is obtained.Secondly,the main pollutants in the pollution index are selected.Through the training of BP neural network,the optimal evaluation model is obtained,and the sections of each period are evaluated by the model respectively.The pollution level of each section is divided,and the water quality classification grade of each section is obtained.This paper analyzes the software used in factor analysis SPSS13.0,BP neural network method is selected MATLAB2010a.The results show that the water quality of the two sections of the hydrological station in the nine sections is the best in the freezing period in January,and the water quality of the Xiangjiang section is the worst in the ice season in January.The water quality is close to and reaches the V water body.On the whole,the water quality in January is better than the average water quality for three years.In order to understand the water quality of the ice season is better than the average water quality in January is the individual phenomenon or the overall phenomenon in January,from November to March the following year,the average water quality data,and then BP neural network comprehensive evaluation,we can know that with the river Monitoring the cross-section,the other sections of the ice quality of the whole section is better than non-frozen water quality.Through two methods to evaluate the water quality of the Songhua River,to improve and control the water quality to provide a scientific basis.We can summarize the following conclusions:(1)the water quality of the river basin is grim,the total phosphorus is more common,the pH,the permanganate index and the total nitrogen are even exceeding the standard,and the mild value of the permanganate index is higher;Increased pollution.(2)The single-factor evaluation method and BP neural network were used to evaluate the water quality of the Songhua River Basin.The results showed that the water quality of Grade V and Grade V in the Songhua River Basin decreased,and the water quality of Grade III increased.The permanganate index,total nitrogen,Total phosphorus decreased year by year,dissolved oxygen content increased.(3)Finally,according to the main ecological and environmental problems in the Songhua River Basin,four environmental countermeasures and prospective studies are proposed,which are of great significance to the sustainable development of the water environment in the Songhua River Basin.