| Asparagus has unique flavor,nutrient-rich,a variety of active functions and is a great potential for health food resources.Currently,the rate of utilization on resources of asparagus is very low,and only the fresh stems of asparagus can be eaten.There are less asparagus products,unable to meet the market demand.In this paper,tissue crushing method and inorganic salts-ethanol precipitation method were adopted to extract and purify the total saponins of asparagus.Total saponins of asparagus extraction and purification process conditions were established.Then asparagus extracts were added to beer to make asparagus beer.Mice chronic alcoholic liver injury,sexual behavior and sperm injury experiments were carried out so that studied the function of asparagus extracts to protect the liver and the reproductive system.New asparagus chocolate was developed with a special flavor,not only enriched asparagus products,but also could provide a theoretical basis for rational use of asparagus resources and extension of asparagus industry.Main contents and conclusions were as follows:1.Tissue crushing method was used to extract total saponins of asparagus.The content of saponin was 4.12%in asparagus as experimental materials and the saponin extraction rate as indicators.The optimal conditions were selected from four factors:ethanol concentration was 75%,solid-liquid ratio was 1:20,extraction time was 2min,extraction voltage was 120V,under these conditions,the rate of total saponin extraction was 3.20%.2.Inorganic salts-ethanol precipitation method was adopted to purify the total saponins of asparagus.By means of single factor and orthogonal design experiments analyzed quality of precipitation,purity of saponin and comprehensive index.The optimal conditions were selected:concentration of inorganic salts A was 1%,ethanol concentration was 40%,settling temperature was 30℃,concentration of the extracts was 80mg/mL,settling time was 16h.Under these conditions,the purity of total saponins from 16.29%up to 34.56%,quality of precipitation was 133.73mg.This method simplified the total saponins of asparagus purification technology greatly,and improved the efficiency of the purification.3.By means of beer established mice alcoholic liver injury and reproductive system injury model.Study the beer added asparagus extracts to influence the liver and the reproductive system.The results showed that after long-term drinking beer,TG level was significantly increased(P<0.05),ALT activity and AST activity were increased in serum(P>0.05),MDA level was significantly increased(P<0.05),SOD activity was reduced(P>0.05),GSH-PX activity was significantly decreased in liver(P<0.05),liver cell cytopathic score was significantly elevated(P<0.01),first capture time was prolonged(P>0.05),capture frequency was significantly decreased(P<0.05)in the sexual behavior of mice experiment,rate of sperms motility was significantly decreased(P<0.01),rate of abnormal sperms was significantly increased(P<0.05).The results showed that long-time drinking beer could come into being fatty liver,and be harm to liver tissue.It aslo could reduce mice libido and be harm to reproductive system.4.Long-term drinking beer,which was added high high doses of asparagus extracts,TG level and ALT activity were increased(P>0.05),AST activity was decreased in serum(P>0.05),MDA level was increased(P>0.05),GSH-PX activity and SOD activity were reduced(P>0.05),first capture time was prolonged(P>0.05),capture frequency was decreased(P>0.05),rate of sperms motility was decreased(P>0.05),rate of abnormal sperms was increased(P>0.05).The results showed that the beer which was added high high doses of asparagus extracts could prevent and mitigate alcoholic liver injury and reproductive system injury.5.Plackett-Burman design was adopted to select significant factors which influenced sensory evaluation of asparagus chocolate.The significant factors were refining time,refining temperature and the amount of asparagus powder.Then by means of central composite design and response surface got a quadratic regression equation:Y=2.95A+0.58B-0.02AB-0.005B2-0.04C2.The optimal conditions were refining temperature 66.53℃,refining time 52.10h,the amount of asparagus powder 7.53%,holdig temperature 45℃.Under this condition,the senses score of asparagus chocolate was 83.22. |
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