Research On Plant Community Characteristics And Landscape Evaluation Of Waterfront Park In Shenyang City

The plant community landscape of Shenyang Waterfront Park is not only an important carrier of the ecological environment and urban life in the city's waterfront,but also an important window to show the humanities of Shenyang.At the same time,it is imperative to comprehensively upgrade the urban water system environment in Shenyang,and the study of the plant community landscape of the waterfront park can have important guiding significance for the future construction of the water system landscape of Shenyang.Based on the theories of ecology,garden aesthetics,and plant community science,this paper systematically analyzes the plant composition,landscape characteristics,quantitative characteristics,and diversity characteristics of 24 typical plant community landscapes in Wulihe Park and Changbai Island Forest Park;at the same time,in Based on the investigation of plant communities,the method of measuring the ecological benefits of small-scale plant communities was used to study and analyze the plant community structure that affects the environmental microclimate conditions;finally,the AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process)method was used to carry out the analysis on 24 selected plots.Systematic evaluation and analysis and put forward reasonable construction suggestions.Below are key research findings:(1)Application status of plants in Shenyang City Waterfront ParkThrough field investigation,there were 61 species of plants in the sample park,belonging to 27 families and 46 genera.The dominant families were Rosaceae,Oleaceae,Leguminosae,and Salicaceae.Plant life forms were rich and diverse,and the proportion of arbor,shrub and grass species was good.Deciduous species were the main species,and evergreen species were characterized by a small number of species.There were few species of aquatic and wet plants;native tree species only accounted for 35% of all plant species.In the landscape of plant communities,species applications in the arbor layer were abundant,while species in the shrub layer were relatively less used;the evenness of the arbor layer was slightly higher than that in the shrub layer,but the overall difference was small.(2)The influence of plant community structure in Shenyang City Waterfront Park on microclimate conditionsPlant communities with different vertical structures and different canopy closures had significant effects on microclimatic conditions(temperature,humidity,and negative oxygen ion concentration).Therefore,consideration should be given to the construction of the plantcommunity landscape system in Shenyang City Waterfront Park.Plant communities with different vertical structures had different cooling and humidification effects.Among them,the cooling ability of the tree layer had a significant effect;the humidification ability of the tree layer and the ground cover had a significant effect.The concentration of negative oxygen ions was positively correlated with the abundance of plant communities.Under different canopy closure,the ability of cooling,humidifying and releasing negative oxygen ions in the air was positively correlated with canopy closure.(3)Construction and evaluation of the landscape evaluation system of plant communities in Shenyang City Waterfront ParkThe AHP analytic hierarchy process was used to construct the landscape evaluation system of the plant community in Shenyang City Waterfront Park.A total of 3 criterion levels B(ecological greening B1,landscape aesthetics B2,service function B3)and 21 index levels C were obtained.The AHP method calculates the weight of each indicator.The results showed that the comprehensive impact on the landscape quality of plant communities was ecological greening(0.4111)>service function(0.3278)>landscape aesthetics(0.2611).Therefore,when judging the comprehensive quality of the plant community landscape in the waterfront park in Shenyang,ecological greening is the prerequisite for the landscape construction of the plant community in the waterfront park.The weight value in the index layer is greater than 0.05.The ecological greening criterion layer has sustainability C6,community vernacular C5,and negative oxygen ion release ability C2;the landscape aesthetic criterion layer has the richness of seasonal changes C9 and the rich color harmony C11;services The functional criteria layer has health C19,safety C20,and hydrophilic C15.Therefore,it should be emphatically considered in the future landscape construction and management of the plant community in the Shenyang Waterfront Park.The evaluation and analysis of the plant community landscape of 24 sample plots in the waterfront park of the sample plot showed that the landscape construction of the plant community of the waterfront park in Shenyang City has good landscape aesthetics and service functions,but the ecological greening effect is poor.The landscape characteristics of the plant community in Shenyang Waterfront Park were not outstanding enough,and the cultural connotation was weak;the seasonal changes of the community were not rich,and the health of plant species was low;the waterfront revetment treatment was not natural enough,and there was less hydrophilic space;the maintenance and management system of the plant landscape was not enough perfect.In view of the above problems,corresponding optimization suggestions are proposed: increase the proportion of native tree species to enrich cultural connotation;enrich the species composition of plant communities,strengthen the constructionof health-care plant landscapes;increase the proportion of water and wet plants,and increase public participation in plant landscape types;improve Plant landscape conservation and management system for waterfront parks.