Rapid Reconstruction Of 3D Shape Of Phase Objects Based On Orthogonal Outlines Extraction

A Cell is the basic unit of biological structure and life activities.The morphological structure of a cell is closely related to its growth activities.Therefore,the study of cell morphology has always been one of the focuses of life science,clinical medicine and other disciplines.However,most cells are colorless and transparent phase objects,which are difficult to image directly by traditional optical microscope.Quantitative phase microscopy(QPM)can modulate the phase information which is not directly visible to the light wave into the amplitude information which is easy to be observed and collected,thus the nondestructive observation of the three-dimensional shape of phase objects can be realized.However,in the phase shift information,due to the coupling of the refractive index distribution and physical thickness,the morphological information of the sample is not directly visible and can only be obtained with the help of the reconstruction algorithm.At present,many achievements have been made in morphological reconstruction based on phase information of the sample,such as phase micro-tomography and entropy tomography reconstruction methods.However,most of the methods or experimental equipment are complex,expensive or time-consuming,which cannot meet the needs of rapid recognition and classification.Therefore,the rapid reconstruction of phase body shape needs further study.Based on this background,this paper explores the method of quickly reconstructing the three-dimensional shape of the sample from the phase information.Based on the phase imaging experiment,this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the method based on the gradient calculation to retrieve the surface morphology characteristics of the sample,and points out the key factors for the quantitative reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure of the phase body based on the physical significance of the phase function.Furthermore,based on two orthogonal phase diagrams,a method to extract the three-dimensional profile information of samples is proposed.In this method,the structure boundary of the sample on the corresponding incident light plane is obtained from the two-phase diagrams,and the three-dimensional coordinates of the contour of the sample are obtained by establishing and solving the correlation between the two orthogonal two-dimensional data.The efficiency of the method is investigated by contour extraction of the polystyrene microsphere and the multi-media phase model with different structural characteristics(including different substructure morphology and different relative positions),and the key control quantities and their setting strategies in the process of understanding the three-dimensional coordinate are given.On this basis,the paper further according to the sample outline the corresponding location in the structure of the phase shift value calculate and determine the average refractive index of different media,then combined with the phase distribution of the sample and the corresponding incident light on the structure of the boundary between planes,gives the quantitative distribution of the thickness of dielectric physics,so as to realize the quantitative reconstruction three-dimensional structure on the surface of the sample.In this paper,the three-dimensional morphologies of the samples with different substructure characteristics are reconstructed by simulation and experiment,and the results show the effectiveness and universality of this method.Based on two orthogonal phase distribution diagrams,the rapid reconstruction method of 3d morphological structure of samples is proposed in this paper,which has the characteristics of convenient data acquisition,small computation,short time consumption and accurate positioning.It can provide some basis and reference for the phase object imaging analysis and morphological reconstruction.