Application Of Polymer Hygroscopic Material In Warm Cloud Precipitation

In the increasingly lack of water resources today,how to easily and efficiently access to more water resources has become one of the problems of concern.Artificial precipitation can effectively use the fresh water resources existing in the atmosphere.And it has significant economic benefits.In this paper,a new type of warm cloud catalyst was prepared and the effect of the catalyst in warm cloud precipitation was experimentally studied.A novel polyacrylamide/polystyrene core-shell microsphere was prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly technique.The chemical structure was characterized by FTIR,the morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy?SEM?and laser particle size analyzer.The surface assembly process was confirmed by Zeta potential.Finally,the core-shell microspheres with the average size of 2.104?m and the uniform particle size were obtained.Using the existing cloud chamber in our laboratory,an experiment was designed to verify the catalytic effect of the warm cloud catalyst in the cloud chamber.The catalytic effect of the catalyst was characterized by the two indicators of the precipitation and the change of the transmittance in the cloud chamber.The catalytic effects of sodium chloride and polyacrylamide with different particle size and different dosage were compared.The results show:?1?Using sodium chloride and polyacrylamide as catalyst,with the increase of the amount of catalyst,the rate of rainfall increase,the catalytic effect becomes better.With the decrease of the particle size of catalyst,the catalytic effect becomes better.?2?The catalytic effect of different amount of sodium chloride catalyst in the cloud chamber was studied.It was found that when the particle size was 16?m,the amount of catalyst was 1.36g·m^-3,the effect of precipitation is the best,and the precipitation enhancement and precipitation efficiency are 182%and 82.6%,respectively.?3?The effects of different particle size and different amount of polyacrylamide catalyst on cloud chamber catalytic performance were studied.It was found that when particle size was 16?m and catalyst dosage was 1.36g·m^-3,the catalytic effect was the best,and the precipitation enhancement and precipitation efficiency were 238%and 98.9%respectively.Compared with the traditional warm cloud catalyst sodium chloride,the high hygroscopic material polyacrylamide has better warm cloud catalytic effect.?4?The photocatalytic effect of different amount of polyacrylamide/polystyrene core-shell microspheres on the cloud chamber was studied.It was found that when the amount of catalyst was 1.36g·m^-3,the catalytic effect was the best,and the precipitation enhancement and precipitation efficiency were 116%and 63.4%respectively.?5?The photocatalytic activity of the catalyst in the cloud chamber with different amount of sodium polyacrylate was studied.It was found that it could not be used as a catalyst for precipitation enhancement by warm cloud catalyst.