Study On The Spatial Distribution And Influencing Factors Of Residential Settlements In The Farming-Pastoral Ecotone In The Northern Foot Of Yinshan Mountain

Residential areas are the main settlements of human economic activities,and they are also one of the land types that can best reflect the human-land relationship.With the rapid development of society and economy,the acceleration of the process of rural rejuvenation and urbanization,the spatial distribution of residential settlements has changed significantly.During the rapid evolution of the spatiotemporal distribution of residential settlements,phenomena such as disorderly expansion,abandonment of small villages,and low land use efficiency have occurred.Discussing the regional agglomeration,scale and morphological characteristics of residential settlements,such as the regional differentiation and spatial distribution evolution rules,can often reveal the trajectory of human-land interaction at different stages and in different regions.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the spatial distribution and influential factors of residential areas in the farming-pastoral ecotone in order to provide theoretical support for regulating and optimizing the human-land relationship in the farming-pastoral ecotone.In this paper,the farming and pastoral ecotone of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain is used as the research area.Based on the theory of man-land relationship,location theory and central place theory,the remote sensing image data of 1990,2000,2010 and 2018 are used,and the nearest neighbor index method is used.,Kernel density estimation method,Voronoi diagram Cv value,global clustering test,spatial "hot spot" detection,spatial growth index,landscape pattern index and other methods,starting from the three aspects of residential space spatial clustering characteristics,spatial scale characteristics and spatial morphological characteristics.The characteristics of the spatial distribution and evolution of the settlements in the farming-pastoral ecotone of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain were analyzed.In addition,the buffer analysis,overlay analysis and SPSS multiple regression model of ArcGIS were used to analyze the influential factors of the spatial distribution of residential areas from three aspects: topographical factors,location factors and socioeconomic factors.The following main conclusions are drawn:(1)Overall,from 1990 to 2018,the residential areas in the farming-pastoral ecotone of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain belong to the agglomeration distribution pattern,and the degree of agglomeration has been continuously strengthened.During the study period,the residential land showed an overall increasing trend,and the increasing trend gradually strengthened.The distribution of residential sites was generally in a "decentralized group" spatial pattern.The "cold and hot spots" of residential sites were significantly different,showing a local concentration trend.The SHAPE_MN and FRAC values of the residential areas in the study area showed an upward trend,indicating that the overall residential area structure tended to be more complex.(2)At the county and county level,the agglomeration patterns of all the counties are significant.The plaque density distribution in the residential areas is quite different,showing the distribution characteristics of the southeast and the northwest,and the spatial pattern is showing a multi-core fragmentation trend centered on the seat of each county and county government.The scales of residential areas in different counties and counties vary greatly,and the scales have increased to varying degrees during the study period,and the degree of spatial expansion has shown an increasing trend.(3)The evolution of the spatial distribution of settlements in the farming-pastoral ecotone of the northern foothills of Yinshan Mountain is affected by a variety of complex factors.In summary,it is mainly affected by topographical factors,location factors,and socioeconomic factors.(1)Terrain factors.From 1990 to 2018,the spatial distribution of residential areas does not have obvious low-land directivity,but it has obvious low-slope directivity,sun-slope directivity,and low-topographic index index directivity.The spatial distribution of residential sites generally shows as the topographic fluctuation increases The exponential function form declines.(2)Location factors.The residential areas are mainly located near the river;the closer the roads are,the larger the number and area of residential spots;the closer they are to the administrative center,the larger the residential area and the smaller the number of patches;Due to the influence of the mode,the settlements in agricultural production areas are relatively large and densely distributed;the distribution of settlements in pastoral labor areas is small and scattered.(3)Socio-economic factors.The total area of residential areas in the study area is mainly related to the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the urbanization rate of the population.The higher the per capita disposable income of urban residents,the larger the total area of settlement expansion.At the same time,the size of settlements will increase with the increase of population urbanization rate.