Effects Of Long-term Fertilization On Enzymatic Activity And Microbial Diversity Of Cinnamon Soil

It is an increasing trend to study the effect of long-term fertilization on microbial diversity and enzyme activity in cinnamon soil to improve soil fertility and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.The microbial diversity and enzyme activity of cinnamon(0~20 cm)soil under long-term fertilization were studied by measured and analyzed in two long-term test fields located in national dry farming experimental area in Shouyang,and the correlation between microbial diversity and enzyme activity and soil physical and chemical properties were also analyzed.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)The combined application of different nitrogen-phosphorate fertilizer can increase the activity of urease in cinnamon and inhibit the activity of alkaline phosphatase and sucrase.The activities of urease,alkaline phosphatase and sucrase in cinnamon soil were significantly improved by organic and nitrogen-phosphorate fertilizer combination and high-quantity organic fertilizer alone.The content of sucrase could be increased by different ways of straw returning to the field.The contents of alkaline phosphatase and urease could be increased by cattle mannure and straw crushing,and the contents of alkaline phosphatase and urease could be reduced by straw mulching.(2)Under long-term fertilization,the relatively high relative abundance of bacteria in soil were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes.Different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatments had effects on the diversity of soil bacterial communities,but with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application,the diversity of soil bacterial communities was decreased,and the N3P2M3 ?N4P2M2 had better effects on the diversity of soil bacterial communities.The effects of different straw returning methods on soil bacteria were improved.The effects of cattle manure significantly increased bacteria in the cinnamon soil.(3)Under long-term fertilization,the relatively abundant fungi in the soil were Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota,Basidiomycota,Cercozoa,and Chytridiomycota.Different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatments had effects on the diversity of soil fungal communities,but with the increase of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer application,the diversity of soil fungal communities was decreased,and the N3P2M3?N4P2M2 had better effects on the diversity of soil fungal communities.The effects of different straw returning methods on soil fungi were improved.The cattle manure significantly increased fungi in the cinnamon soil.(4)Software IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 was used to analyze the correlation between soil microbial community structure and soil environmental factors and soil enzyme activities,the results showed that:under different fertilization,soil sucrase,urease and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly correlated with soil physicochemical properties respectively;Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes had significant correlations with soil physical and chemical properties;Anthophyta,Glomeromycota,Cercozoa and soil physical and chemical properties had significant correlations.Proteobacteria,Planctomycetes,Bacteroidetes,Basidiomycota,Chytriomycota were significantly related to sucrase and alkaline phosphatase;Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes and Mortierellomycota had significant negative correlation with urease activity;the Anthophyta had significant correlations with all of the three enzymes.