Study On Microclimate Temperature And Humidity Effect And Amenity Improvement Design Of Urban Park

As one of the main places that can reduce the urban heat island effect and improve the ecological quality of urban environment,urban park is also the public space appearing very frequently in people's daily life.Previous studies have shown that temperature and humidity are the main factors affecting the environmental comfort level.However,the research on the effect of temperature and humidity and the approaches to improve the recreational comfort in urban parks were not studied enough in depth.Based on the relevant research at in China and abroad,Yangzhou Songjiacheng sports and leisure park,was chosen as the main research subject because of its popularity and the high visiting rate.This paper focused on the summer season(from July to September),when the temperature and humidity effect is the most obvious.Through field investigation and real-time observation,the temperature and humidity differences and their variation in time between different underlying surfaces,plant communities and recreational spaces were studied to investigate their effects on the environmental comfort level.According to the characteristics of the temperature and humidity effect on different environmental factors,this paper studied and discussed the optimum strategy of park recreation space based on the comfort level,in order to provide some supplement suggestions and reference for the future planning of urban park recreational space.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In the summer,there are significant differences in the temperature and humidity effects for different underlying surfaces such as vegetation,water body,paved sites and buildings,especially in the high temperature period from 14:00 to 15:00.At this time,the surface temperature of a paved site is the highest,while forest land and water area present the most significant effect of reducing temperature and increasing humidity.The environment of under forest space is the most comfortable.In addition,vegetation coverage rate has a decisive influence on the comfort level of the park environment;(2)In the summer,during the opening period of the park,different plant communities contributes very differently to the human comfort index because of their distinct temperature and humidity effect,especially comparing with the open space outside the plant communities.Among them,the plant community has the most obvious effect on cooling and increasing humidity as well as improving human comfort;The canopy characteristics of the plant community have an obvious effect on the temperature and humidity of the community,and the cooling and humidification effects of the community and the improvement of the environmental comfort are positively related to the canopy closure;(3)The most frequently used recreational space for tourists is paved sites,roads,lawns,and etc.The change of the temperature and humidity is clearly related to factors such as the material,reflectivity,water permeability and the color of the pavement materials.Lawn has obvious cooling and humidifying effect compared with other hard paved sites.Among the hard pavement materials,in the afternoon of summer,asphalt has the highest surface temperature and air temperature,followed by granite,concrete and other pavement materials.During the opening period of the park,the pavement materials with high specific heat capacity such as lawn and permeable brick and with strong water retention capacity are relatively less affected by the temperature change,and the comfort level is relatively higher;(4)The comfort degree of a park is significantly related to wind speed,solar radiation,temperature,humidity and other environmental factors.The main factors are the structure of the space,the openness,the shade degree and pavement material of the underlying surface.The comfort of urban park recreation space can be improved by increasing the shade degree of canopy plants,increasing the canopy degree of community,improving the openness of there creation space,increasing the application of soft paving materials and reducing the proportion of rigid paving materials and other design strategies.