The Study On Coastal Major Hazards And Their Impact Analysis On The Coast Of China

China is a major maritime country with 18000 kilometers coastline,coastal cities of which are concentrating distributed,densely populated and well-developed.However,the hazards of coastal areas take place frequently which directly cause about 3.468 hundred billions economical loss and amount to 7054 death and missing(1989?2017).Storm surges and waves caused by typhoon and extratropical cyclone are the main hazard inducers.With the rapid speed of global warming and the rapid development of the economy and society,more marine hazards in coastal areas will happen and more socio-economic losses will get serious.According to the statistic material of coastal areas in our country from 1989 to 2017,we analyze the main types of the marine hazard.Moreover,we will do the qualitative analysis on all types of marine hazard.The thesis mainly studies the distribution of marine hazard including the storm surge,the wave and the red tide in our country.Moreover,we will explore the financial loss and casualties through quantitative analysis.The greatest loss is brought by the storm of all the coastal hazards.Catastrophic wave caused the largest population of dead or missing,and the red tide tends to rise in recent years.We select data involving economy,casualties and environment which form the loss-assessment system of marine hazard.We will adopt the Principal Component Analysis Algorithm to evaluate the major marine hazard losses,find out the the years and provinces suffering the great loss,as well as try to summarize the law.The marine hazard loss has exeat annual variation.the severe loss years mainly lie in 2004?2006.And the lighter loss years lie in 2011?2017.Furthermore,we found that the losses of marine hazards displayed cyclic variation over time with 4 to 5 years,and mainly happen in Guangdong,Zhejiang and Fujian.Finally,we will give some advises about the marine hazard's prevention and mitigation.Suggestions are present in the following parts:strengthen marine hazard forecasting around the coastal areas,improve their forecasting systems;take prevention work as reinforce the infrastructure construction,improve the standards of seawalls;plan the marine industry reasonably for its comprehensive management;control the marine ecology from the source,strengthen the managing supervision and technical support to keep the industry and domestic sewage under control,and improve the sewage treatment technology at the same time;promote and popularize the knowledge of prevention and mitigation on marine hazard to improve public consciousness of marine hazard.