Study On The Source Of Spring Water Supply In Jinan

Jinan is called "Spring City" because of its numerous springs.The most famous ones are "Baotu Spring Group,Black Tiger Spring Group,Wulongtan Spring Group and Pearl Spring Group".At present,the source and direction of recharge for the four spring groups are not clear,which causes blindness of recharge source to a certain extent and some trouble to protect spring water.Therefore,this study takes the four spring groups and their recharge areas in Jinan as the main research object.On the basis of detailed study of regional geology,hydrogeology and absorption of previous studies,through long-term monitoring of groundwater level and water quality,long-term monitoring of spring water level and water quality,field sampling,indoor analysis,tracer test and other means,the mixed mode of recharge of four spring groups is studied from hydrodynamic field and hydrochemical field to provide basis for recharge.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Groundwater flow field shows that spring water mainly comes from karst water recharge in southeast,southwest and Southeast directions.Baotu Spring mainly comes from karst water recharge in the South and southwest directions,mainly from fissures and interstitial water;Heihu spring mainly comes from karst water recharge in the South and Southeast directions,mainly from pipeline flow.(2)The hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in Jinan spring area show that the chemical components of groundwater in Ordovician aquifer in direct recharge area are the highest,while those in Cambrian aquifer in indirect recharge area are the lowest,and the discharge area is in the middle of the two.(3)The conductivity of Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring is greatly influenced by season,and the groundwater in the Ordovician aquifer accounts for a large proportion of mixed recharge.the recharge sources of Tanxi spring and Pearl spring are stable,and the groundwater in the Cambrian Zhangxia formation accounts for a large proportion of mixed recharge.(4)Temperature characteristics reflect that spring water is mainly supplied by deep circulating water and a small amount of shallow groundwater.Wangfuchizi,Pearl Spring and Tanxi Spring receive more deep circulating water than Heihu Spring and Baotu Spring.(5)The results of mixing ratio calculation show that the karst water in the direct recharge area contributes a lot to the recharge of Heihu Spring and Baotu Spring,while the karst water in the indirect recharge area contributes a lot to the recharge of Tanxi Spring,Pearl Spring and Wangfu Pool.In addition,recharge has a great influence on the recharge of Tanxi Spring,Pearl Spring and Wangfu Pool,but has little influence on Heihu Spring.(6)There are differences in the replenishment modes of the four spring groups in Jinan.The Heihuquan Group belongs to the southeast-south Ordovician recharge mode;the Baotu Spring Group belongs to the southwest-south Ordovician recharge mode;the Wulongtan Group belongs to the southwest-south Zhangxia recharge mode;and the Pearl Spring Group belongs to the southeast-south Zhangxia recharge mode.