| The coastal zone is at the juncture of land and sea with abundant natural resources and obvious regional advantages.It is the most important zone with ecological service functions for social and economic development.With rapid urbanization and industrialization process in coastal zone,the coastal zone undergoes intensified development and dense population aggregation.In 2008,With the implementation of the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone Development Plan,it marks that the development of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone officially rose to the national strategy.Qinzhou Bay is located in the middle of Beibu Gulf and is surrounded by land on three sides.With the advantage of natural deep-water port,it is positioned to develop into a modern coastal industrial city such as a free trade port,an international shipping center,a logistics center and an export processing base for China-ASEAN cooperation.The planning and development of Qinzhou bay ascends to a new layer that is of huge development potential and plays important role in promoting regional economic development in bay area of northern Guangxi.However,in the meantime of rapid social and economic development,a series of problems regarding ecological environment are unavoidable that lead to continuous downgrading of ecological service functions in coastal zones.Therefore,evaluating heath status of regional ecological system and learning its health status dynamically can provide certain services to environmental management in coastal zones in a better way.This paper takes the coastal area around qinzhou bay as the research object,with the support of theories and methods regarding land science,geographic information science,landscape ecology,ecosystem health,etc.RS and GIS as the main research methods.studies evolution features of landscape pattern in Qinzhou Bay coastal zone and health status of its ecosystem from 2008 to 2018,and analyzes major existing problems and leading factors.It also puts forwards preliminary suggestions and countermeasures on environment control in terms of how to develop and utilize offshore resources more appropriately,thus to properly plan space layout.promote the sustainable development of the coastal ecological regions.Achieving the sustainable development of regional social economy provides certain theoretical support.The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)Based on Landsat remote sensing image data,the land use data of the Qinzhou Bay coastal zone in 2008,2013 and 2018 were extracted for comparative analysis.The results show:from 2008 to 2018,the land use structure of the Qinzhou Bay coastal zone has undergone significant changes,mainly manifest as the continuous reduction of cultivated land,forest grassland and waters,and the rapid expansion of construction land.The proportion of cultivated land decreased from 16.81%in 2008 to 13.98%in 2018,and the proportion of construction land increased from 6.03%in 2008 to 17.32%in 2018.This“one increase and one decrease”is obvious.Among them,the change of various types in 2008-2013 is more than that in2013-2018,and the human activity is more intense.(2)From 2008 to 2018,the newly added land area of the reclamation site is 39.44km~2,of which the newly added land area is 31.20km2 in 2008-2013.and the newly added land speed is6.24km~2/a.The newly added land is mainly distributed near the bonded port at the junction of Dafanpo Town and Xiniujiao Town and the southwest coast of the outer bay of Qisha Town.The length of the coastline was reduced from 617.84km in 2008 to 568.83km in 2018.The artificial shoreline for the construction of the sea made the natural curved coastline straightened,resulting in the coastline being reduced.(3)From 2008 to 2018,the degree of landscape fragmentation increased continuously;the types of landscape patches were densely arranged,and the shape of patches became more complicated;the diversity index and the fragrance uniformity index all showed an upward trend,and the proportion of dominant patches was proportional.decline.In the past 10 years,With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization,the increasing population,rapid growth of GDP and land reclamation are the main driving factors for landscape fragmentation.(4)Based on the land use information,Introducing the InVEST model habitat quality module,and analyzing the habitat quality changes in the Qinzhou Bay coastal zone.The results show:The overall average habitat quality index was greater in 2008 than in 2013 and greater in2018.the highest proportion of habitat quality were 53.33%,47.68%and 44.14%.the lowest proportion of habitat quality were 10.60%,19.37%and 26.50%.In 2008-2018,The areas with the most serious habitat quality were mainly distributed in the coastal and southwestern coasts of the central part of the study area.The lowest average habitat quality index was in Qisha Town,and the highest was Maoling Town.(5)Based on the ecosystem health assessment model of"Vigor-Organization-Resilience"proposed by Costanza,a famous ecologist,construct the ecosystem health evaluation index system of Qinzhou Bay coastal zone.The results show:The overall average ecosystem health level was greater in 2008 than in 2013 and greater in 2018.In 2008,the height of ecosystem health coverage and low ecosystem health accounted for the ratios were 29.97%%and21.55%,and by 2018,the height of ecosystem health coverage and low ecosystem health accounted for the ratios were 35.35%%and 25.24%.The areas with the most serious ecosystem health level were mainly distributed in Maowei sea estuary,the border coast between Dafanpo Town and Xiniujiao Town and southwest of Qisha Town... |
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