The Study On The Removal Of Moldy Spots And Deacidification Of Ancient Books By Biological Methods

China is a country with a long history and a profound cultural heritage.As the birthplace of paper,China is the first country in the world to use paper to record civilization.Therefore,the ancient working people left us a large number of non-renewable ancient cultural relics,which are one of the epitome of the progress of ancient Chinese civilization.The profound cultural heritage of the nation also carries the genes of the Chinese nation for thousands of years of cultural origin.It is the crystallization of the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese nation.It has witnessed the changes in ancient philosophy,language,science and technology,and also recorded the differences between ethnic groups.The cultural differences complement of each other,fully demonstrate the diversity of Chinese culture.Due to the special nature of ancient materials,it is highly susceptible to mold contamination,mold metabolism of organic acids and harmful substances in the air cause acidification of paper.Over time,ancient books become brittle,sticky,and even become"book bricks".Leading to the lack of civilization,it is an important and urgent task to strengthen the study of ancient books protection.Domestic and foreign,in order to protect these precious ancient books,invented gamma radiation protection method,low temperature freezing insecticide method,gas fumigation method,gas phase deacidification,liquid phase deacidification,etc,but these methods have secondary damage and safety hazards.In order to better protect ancient books,this paper makes some explorations on the control of mold pollution in ancient books protection.1.Preparation of biological enzyme cleaning agent of ancient booksDue to the preciousness and non-renewability of ancient books,they cannot be directly used for experiments.Therefore,mold samples were prepared from strains recovered from ancient books.On the basis of the preliminary work,the bio-enzyme compounding cleaning agent was modified,the surfactant was removed,the ascorbic acid was added,the pH value of the control system was controlled,and the cleaning agent was replaced with aminophylline.The final optimization results were:3%papain,0.06%ascorbic acid,30.3°C,pH6.0,infiltration time 30 min,the rate of mold removal was over 90%under this condition;finally replaced with 6g/L aminophylline solution deionized water removes the components of the papain compound cleaning agent.After treatment,the pH value of the paper sample is 8.06,which plays an anti-acidification effect and is beneficial to the long-term preservation of the paper sample.2.Nano-magnesium hydroxide and hydroxyethyl cellulose for deacidification of ancient booksIn the long-term preservation process,ancient cultural relics will be eroded by acidic substances,become brittle or even pulverized,Therefore,ancient books need to be deacidified and reinforced.Preparation of HEC stable nanometer Mg?OH?₂ alcohol aqueous dispersion by using nanometer magnesium hydroxide as the deacidification agent of ancient books,hydroxyethyl cellulose?HEC?as nanometer Mg?OH?₂stabilizer and ancient Chinese reinforcement."H-M dispersion"),deacidification and strengthening of ancient books.The results show that HEC can stabilize the nanometer Mg?OH?₂ alcohol aqueous dispersion for a long time.H-M dispersion improves the pH value of ancient books,enhances the mechanical properties of ancient books,and provides a certain alkali storage for ancient books to prolong the deacidification effect.3.Selection of bacteriostatic agentsThe harm of mold is one of the important reasons for the destruction of ancient books.In order to kill all microorganisms and spores,it is necessary to kill ancient books with a broad-spectrum fungicide.Taking into account the impact on human health and the environment,this chapter uses the food preservatives chlorine dioxide,potassium sorbate,sodium diacetate to explore their antibacterial ability to paper.The experimental results show that chlorine dioxide is the most bacteriostatic and broad-spectrum.When the concentration is 80mg/L,the antibacterial ability can reach4,and there is almost no mold growth on the paper.