Gene Cloning And Molecular Evolution Of The Complement System Of Salvelinus Malma

The Dolly Varden char(Salvelinus malma)is a fish of genus Salvelinus,and its body color is brown to gray.There are land-sealed and migratory types,the former is land-sealed in China and lives in the rivers and tributaries in the cold waters.It has a wide range of foods,mainly on the benthic animals and insects that fall into the water,sometimes even jumping out of the water to prey.S.malma can not only survive without eating,but they can also change the size of the intestine based on the number of salmon eggs which are their favorite food.The extended intestines allow it to eat and store energy as much as possible.When the salmon eggs are eaten,the S.malma begins to become economical.By shrinking the intestines,you don't need to eat too much,so you can maintain your body's functioning.During the production practice,the hybrids fish were obtained(Salvelinus fontinalis?×Salvelinus malma?).Hybrids show good heterosis in production practice.Because hybrids have excellent aquaculture economic performance,farmers are more willing to choose hybrids for breeding.At present,due to the high nutritional value of the S.malma,the long breeding cycle,and the perfect breeding environment,the price of S.malma stays in high position.However,there is the ambiguity of the definition of salmon in China,and the lack of sound scientific research techniques for the detailed species identification of Salvelinus in China.The salmon is also good at obtaining through hybridization,which leads to a mixed variety of salmon in China.It has a certain impact on the protection of biodiversity and a great impact on the consumer market.From the perspective of mitochondrial genome,this experiment compares S.malma of living in the Yalu River basin of Jilin Province in China,and the hybrids(S.fontinalis?×S.malma?).The basic data of the protection and utilization of the salmon resources in China is provided.Secondly,this experiment determined the full-length transcriptome of S.malma in the conditions of injection of Aeromonas hydrophila(experimental group)and saline(control group),and passed the complement system for S.malma,the cloning of the gene further provides data support for the molecular evolution of the immune gene in the complement system of the Chinese S.malma scorpion.The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Chinese native Dolly Varden(S.malma)was sequenced.It was 16,652-nucleotide in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes,2 ribosomal RNA genes,22 transfer RNA genes,and two non-coding regions(L-strand replication origin and control region),showing conserved gene arrangement with most vertebrates.The phylogenetic analysis based on Cytb genes of Chinese native as well as four other Dolly Varden subspecies showed that Chinese native S.malma had close relationships with S.curilus(formerly named as S.malma krascheninnikova and S.malma miyabe).This result did not support the monophyletic relationship of Dolly Varden chars.Further studies are needed to determine the phylogenetic position of Chinese native Dolly Varden.The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the hybrid fish S.fontinalis(?)×S.malma(?)was sequenced.It was 16,623-nucleotide in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes,2 ribosomal RNA genes,22 transfer RNA genes,and two non-coding regions(L-strand replication origin and control region),showing conserved gene arrangement with most vertebrates.The phylogenetic tree showed that the hybrid salmon to be one of Salvelinus and the closer relationship with S.fontinalis other than S.malma.The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of S.fontinalis(?)×S.malma(?)provided an important dataset for a better understanding of the mitogenomic diversities and evolution in salmon fish as well as novel genetic markers for studying population genetics and species identification.In this study,a full-length transcriptome library was constructed by using S.malma as a material after bacterial infection.Through quality control,a total of 27,829 transcripts were obtained from 31,233 high-quality transcripts,and 24,541 open reading frames(ORFs)were identified,of which 17,670 were complete.27,829 transcripts were used for functional enrichment and taxonomic analysis,and 25,809 transcripts were annotated.Annotate more innate immune-related genes than adaptive immune genes.In order to verify the accuracy of the full-length transcriptome identification gene sequence,the C4 gene of Lamb S.malma was selected for re-cloning and sequencing verification,which further proved the accuracy of the sequencing results.