Comparative Study Of Arabidopsis Thaliana With Two Different Culture Methods

In this paper,the Columbia ecotype Arabidopsis thaliana was selected as the research object to observe and measure the culture of Arabidopsis thaliana by soil culture method and culture medium method,and to study the influence of the two culture methods on the growth cycle,morphological structure,sexual reproduction ability,molecular mechanism and other aspects of Arabidopsis thaliana.The results are as follows:1.The life history of Arabidopsis thaliana under different culture methods was divided into four growth stages,namely seedling stage,moss extraction stage,flowering stage and fruiting stage.Different culture methods have different durations in each period,in which the culture history of Arabidopsis cultured in the medium method is 40 days,and the soil culture method is 55 days.The seed germination rates of the two culture methods were more than 80%.The seed germination rate of medium method was faster,the germination period was 2 days,the seedling period was 20 days,the bolting period was 6 days,the flowering period was 5 days,and the fruit period was 7 days;the seed germination rate of soil culture method was slower,the germination period was 5 days,the seedling period was 34 days,the bolting period was 7 days,the flowering period was 4 days,and the fruit period was 5 days.2.Morphological structure:There were obvious morphological differences between Arabidopsis thaliana plants cultured by two methods.The plants of medium method were shorter.The number of leaves in medium method was relatively small.The number of lotus leaves increased from germination stage to bolting stage,and remained stable from bolting stage to fruit stage.The number of lotus leaves in soil culture increased from germination stage to fruit stage.The number of bracts of the two culture methods increased from bolting stage to fruit stage.The leaf length of soil culture method was longer than that of medium method at the same time.The change trend of the length of lotus leaf and bract leaf was different between the two culture methods.Lotus leaf length and bract leaf length increased with plant growth in soil culture.The length of rosette leaves increased from germination to bolting,but there was no significant change from bolting to fruit.The bract length of the medium method remained stable during the growth process.Lotus and bract leaves were thicker in soil culture.The changes of palisade and spongy tissues of leaves(lotus and bract)cultured by the two methods were the same.From germination to flowering,both types of cells present typical characteristics,which are easy to distinguish;at fruit stage,the two types of cells become difficult to distinguish,and the typical characteristics of cells are not obvious.The root length of Arabidopsis thaliana cultured by the two methods was similar.Soil culture method had stronger roots and medium method had more fibrous roots.3.Sexual reproductive capacity:The flowering process of culture medium method and soil culture method can be divided into five flowering stages.Different culture methods did not affect calyx length,calyx tube diameter,corolla diameter and petal valgus angle,but could affect organ length and petal length.The flower organ length,petal length and corolla diameter of the two cultures increased gradually during the opening process,while calyx length and calyx tube diameter remained stable during the opening process.Different culture methods can affect the length of long stamens,pollination rate of stigma pollen,the number of pollen on stigma,the growth rate of pollen,the total length of pollen tube,the number of ovules in ovary,the fruit setting of plants and the germination rate of seeds.Different culture methods did not affect the number of flowering,the length of short stamens,the distribution of structural substances in pistils,the germination rate of pollen,the morphological structure of vegetative and reproductive nuclei in pollen tube,and the completion of self-pollination in Arabidopsis.The pollens of the two culture methods were sensitive to the dispensing substances,and they were concentration-dependent.4.Protein and gene analysis during reproductive growth:There was no significant difference in total protein content between the two cultures.The number of bands and the molecular weight of each band were similar in soil culture method and medium method.However,proteins expressed differently in both cultures.Different culture methods can significantly affect the epigenetics of Arabidopsis thaliana.The levels of total methylation and semi-methylation were different in different culture methods.The methylation polymorphisms of Arabidopsis thaliana in different culture methods were significantly different.Highly expressed genes in soil culture are associated with material transport,energy metabolism and apical growth.Genes overexpressed by medium method are related to plant cell signal regulation.