Comparison Of Morphological Characters Of Several Allium L. In Xinjiang

Allium nutans,Allium galanthum,Allium roborowskianum,Allium robustum,Allium fetisowii,etc are Allium L.in Xinjiang as research materials in this paper.Based on the results of the phenology,bulbs and leaf morphology,scape anatomical,floral syndrome,morphology of ovary,seed morphology characteristics to understand the adaptability of these Allium species which from special ecological geographical environment of Xinjiang,and to provide taxonomy definition and biological evidence for further study and morphological structure characteristics of phenology in different geographical regions and different types of Allium species in Xinjiang.The main results were as follows:(1)The material in the 2016 mid to late March,the Allium underground bud unearthed,being into the nutrition grouth period,complet the reproductive growth as temperatures rising,and went into dormancy just before heat arrived.There was no secondary growth in the same year,and formed drought and cold escaping year life cycle.The year life cycle is 46 to 66 days.Allium roborowskianum life cycle were shorter.(2)The trichomes was not found in Allium species,including Allium galanthum surface with wax on the leaf to prevent leaf water in arid environments transpiration.Allium nutans,Allium roborowskianum,Allium robustum,Allium fetisowii,Allium spp.(Kanasi)and Allium spp.(Urumqi)with the stomata was subsidence in different degrees,anticlinal walls of curved,as well as the structural characteristics of the stomatal apparatus of the upper and lower epidermal cells are wider than the guard cells.It indicated that there was a certain drought resistant structure.(3)The materials are in the scape,erect,terete,color is dark green or green,scape surface features smooth,glabrous or hairy,slightly ribbed.Cross section shape and internal structure of scape differences,cross section is oval or round,there are a few epidermal stomatal distribution,long flat,keratinized cell wall,some of the distribution of some trichomes,no collenchyma tissue under the epidermis,the secretory cells,the shape of polygon,the number of multi.Scape structure has the feature of taxonomic significance.(4)There were significant differences in the characteristics of flower comprehensive traits of six Allium species.Floral bracts green,persistent,conical or spherical inflorescence,base of pedicels bracteolate,white flowers,deep purple,pink to purple red,centrifugalflowering,no bulbils.Pedicel longer than perianth segments,flowers opening when perianth segments radiate.Tepals obovate,midvein,anthers purple or pale yellow,T-shaped medicine,green stylar,with verruca,with or without nectaries,ovary of three ventricle.Having morphological characteristics that can attract pollinators;taxonomic significance.(5)The materials of ovary shape and color and surface micro morphology,there is no honey hole,ovary,ovary locule ovules per locule number and size of the ovary wall morphology characteristics have significant differences,is an important taxonomic character.Transverse section of ovary,with triangular shape or flat oblong shape.The parenchyma cells are nearly round,and the inner epidermis is regular oblong with tight arrangement.Locule width and ovule width,thickness of parenchyma cells and the outer integument,and epidermal thickness,the sac size and vascular number,the thickness of inner integument there is a correlation between the thickness(P<0.05),pollen of the same shape,but there are differences in surface ornamentation,have taxonomic significance.(6)The tested material seed shape differences,obovoid or rhombic,were black,Hiliferous,there are differences in a position.The longitudinal structure of the seed coat is different.Having one or two layers of barrier,the shape of which is square or rectangular,and the bottom is parenchyma.The cells are round,oval or irregular in shape and loosely arranged.The endosperm cells are nearly equal in diameter and closely arranged.The nuclei are prominent and the cytoplasm is dense.The embryo is oval,and the cotyledon cells are nearly long or square,with uniform size.Differences in surface ornamentation of seeds are of taxonomic importance.