Studies On The Biological Characters And Their Taxonomical Significance Of Allium From Xinjiang

In this paper, the partial species of the genus A Ilium from Xinjiang were studied on the leaf epidermis morphology, pollen morphology, seed coats micromorphology and cytology. The results are as follows: I .The morphological characteristics of leaf epidermis of 18 species were studied. The results show that they can be divided into 2 types, including 7 subtypes. Among them. Sect. Schoenoprasum and Sect. Cepa belong to type I. The other 3 sections belong to type II and the types of Sect. Rhizirdium and Sect. Haploenoprasum are complicated. 2.The pollen morphology of 24 populations(23 species) was studied. The results show that the morphological characteristics are similar among species and sections. The exine ornamentation is recognized as 2 types, including 5 subtypes. Of which, there are either primitive or evolutionary features in Sect. Rhizirdium, Sect. Haploenoprasum and Sect. Schoenoprasum. The features of Sect. Cpa are evolutionary and of Sect. Molium are primitive. 3. The micromorphology of the seed coats were studied in 18 species. The results show that they have obvious difference and can be divided into 2 types, including 6 subtypes. Of which, there are either primitive or evolutionary features in Sect. Rhizirdium. The features of Sect. Schoenoprasum. Sect. Cepa and Sect. Haploenoprasum are primitive and of Sect. N4olium are evolutionary. 4.The cytology of 19 species in this genus was studied. The results are: Chromosome numbers: 2n16, 20, 32 or 48; Basic numbers: X=8 or 10; Ploidy: diploid, tetraploid or hexaploid; Karyotype: IA, 2A or 2B; Satellite chromosome: 1, 11 or VI type. The results show that the karyotype of Allium is primitive. Of which, 5 species were reported firstly. According to the results of the observation in the field and the experiments, the features studied on 4 parts of this paper have important significance in taxonomy of Allium. On the basis of the leaf epidermis morphology, pollen morphology, seed coats micromorphology and cytology, it is suggested that the classification of Sect. Rhizirdium and Sect. Haploenoprasum are artificial. Because there are too many species and obvious differences among them in this genus, the studies on the biological characters can provide important theoretical basis not only for the studies of its taxonomy and systematic, but also for its exploitation and utilization.