Linear And Nonlinear Optical Properties Of One-dimensional Photonic Crystals Composed Of Different Materials

Photonic crystal has been regarded as an important material for the development of the new generation of optoelectronic information technology.Periodic photonic crystals have been used to prepare many high performance photonic devices with the ability to regulate electromagnetic waves.To adjust the structural parameters of periodic photonic crystals,the perfect impedance matching between the photonic crystal and the background material can be achieved.Then,the propagation of electromagnetic waves in photonic crystals will achieve perfect transmission.However,it is difficult to achieve this characteristic by using natural materials which play a very important role in some devices requiring transmission performance.Photonic crystals can not only achieve perfect transmission,but also realize enhanced absorption when they contain lossy materials such as graphene,molybdenum disulfides.Inserting a kind of lossy materials as defect into the photonic crystal,the electromagnetic fields are enhanced by photonic barriers in both sides of the defect,which will induce enhanced optical absorption.In computing and optoelectronic information technology,all-optical signal processings including the optical nonliearity have been widely studied.As a kind of important materials,photonic crystals have been used to engineer all-optical devices.In the second chapter of the thesis,we experimentally investigated the transmission characteristics of symmetrical one-dimensional photonic crystals composed of different transparent dielectric materials.The near-perfect wide transparent band with low polarization sensitivity and wide angles is realized in visible region.The perfect transparent mechanism comes from the impedance matching between the photonic crystals and the background,and the new near-perfect wide transparent band is independent of the number of cycles of photonic crystals.The theoretical and experimental results agree well.Such structures can be use to develop a perfect wide-angle broadband filters.In the third chapter,we mainly study enhanced absorption of photonic crystals containing two-dimensional semiconductor materials.Three different structures are designed:single-layer two-dimensional semiconductor materials are replaced on the surface of one-dimensional photonic crystals,which achieve nearly four times enhanced absorption compared to that of single layer;single-layer two-dimensional semiconductor materials at the center of the defect in symmetric photonic crystals where the maximum absorptance is nearly 0.50;single-layer two-dimensional semiconductor material at the center of the defect in asymmetric photonic crystals where perfect absorption can be achieved.In the fourth chapter,we theoretically study optical bistability of conventional photonic crystals containing the metal and one-dimensional photonic crystals containing hyperbolic metamaterials under TM polarization,.For the former,the critical wavelength of the bistability shifts toward short wavelength as the incident angle increases.However,using one-dimensional photonic crystal containing hyperbolic metamaterials,the critical wavelength and the critical threshold of the excited bistability are nearly unchanged as the incident angle increases.Such properties have the great significance for the preparation of new angle-insensitive all-optical switches.