Analysis On The Spatial And Temporal Change Of Vegetation Status In Wutai Mountain Nature Reserve Since 1990

In recent years,human activities in the Wutai Mountains have had direct or indirect effects on the vegetation and ecological environment in the region.The research on the vegetation in the Wutai Mountains area will help protect the vegetation in the region and prevent the deterioration of the ecological environment.The development of remote sensing technology and computer analysis technology has provided a new method for vegetation monitoring.Remote sensing methods for vegetation monitoring can make up for the deficiencies of traditional methods that are time consuming,laborious,and costly to monitor,and can also achieve large-area,multi-scale monitoring.This study takes Wutaishan area as the research object,investigates the vegetation changes since 1990 and the human factors causing vegetation changes,and puts forward suggestions for the scientific development,rational use and protection of Wutaishan Nature ReserveThis study used TM images from summers of six years in 1990,1995,2000,2005,2010,and 2015 The ENVI and ARCGIS software were used to estimate the vegetation coverage of the six-phase image using the binary dichotomy model.Trend analysis and change detection methods were used to analyze the vegetation changes in each region of the study area.In order to further study the causes of vegetation changes,this study also uses a combination of field surveys and visual interpretations to understand and translate the three areas of human activity in tourism activities,mining,and road construction.Combined with the terrain analysis results and supervised classification results,the basic conditions such as topography,altitude and vegetation types in the damaged area were analyzed.Finally,the reasons of vegetation changes in different regions of the study area were analyzed based on the change of vegetation coverage and the status of vegetation breakage,and corresponding solutions were proposed for the current status of damage and the causes of damageThe main conclusions obtained are as follows(1)The vegetation coverage in the Wutai Mountain area has decreased by about 21%during the 20-odd years since 1990,with a significant drop.The vegetation coverage in most of the 20-year period has been reduced,with only a slight increase in 1995-2000.In 2000-2005,the decline was the largest in five years,a reduction of approximately 9.5%(2)In the past 20 years,the vegetation coverage in most areas of Wutaishan has been reduced to different extents.The areas with the most obvious reductions in vegetation coverage have been mountainous areas in the west and mountains in the southwest,and the vegetation coverage in these two regions for more than two decades.The average drop can reach 30%;(3)The vegetation coverage in the core area of the Wutai Mountain tourist area has also decreased significantly in these 20-odd years.The most obvious time interval is from 2010 to 2015;(3)There are mainly three types of human activities that cause vegetation damage:mine exploitation,tourism development and road construction;among them,the largest number of patches and the largest area are found in the damaged mining areas;the highest altitudes are in the damaged areas of tourism development,and the most serious impact on high altitude vegetation.The road construction destruction area has the widest distribution;(4)The areas destroyed by mining are mainly in the outskirts of mountainous areas.The types of vegetation destroyed are mainly forest lands and shrubs.The areas destroyed by tourism activities are mainly the core tourist areas of Wutai Mountain.The types of vegetation destroyed are mainly sub-alpine meadows and sub-alpine shrubs.The scope of road construction has a wide range of impacts and damages to various vegetation types.Different types of vegetation at different altitudes affect the vegetation types(5)The consistency between the areas with large decline in vegetation coverage and the areas with large areas for human activities destruction is high.Therefore,the introduction of three types of human activities such as mining,tourism development and road construction is an important cause of the decline in Wutai Mountain's vegetation coverageWith the strengthening of resources development and tourism development around Mount Wutai,the ecological environment of Wutaishan protected area has been greatly damaged.In the later development process,efforts should be made to strengthen monitoring and planning,and to carry out restoration work on damaged areas to prevent further deterioration of the ecological environment of Wutai Mountain.