Purification And Identification Of Chemicals Of The Invasive Plant Xanthium Strumarium

Biological invasion can seriously affect the economic activities,natural environment and human health of the invading land,and has become a global ecological environment problem.Allelopathy,as one of the mechanisms of biological invasion,plays an important role in plant intraspecific and interspecific relationships.Allelochemicals isolation and identification is the basis and premise for studying allelopathy.Xanthium strumarium L.,a malignant invasive alien plant,was first discovered in Beijing in 1991.It has been widely distributed in Northeast China and Xinjiang,and it has caused serious damage to the ecological environment of the invasion area.Studies have shown that invasive plants can inhibit the growth of adjacent plants by allelopathy and promote their invasion.This paper takes invasive plant Xanthium strumarium L.as the research object.Using 75% ethanol-water heated extract the whole of plant Xanthium strumarium L.,then we extract the crude extract with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate successively.Finally we isolated 30 compounds from Xanthium strumarium L.by the means of silica gel column chromatography,ODS column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and semipreparative HPLC,among which 18 compounds were identified,and 12 compounds were not identified.The 18 compounds were identified by means of physicochemical properties,spectral data analysis and other methods,respectively.We found out 11 sesquiterpenes(1-11),2 aldehydes(12-13),3 phenolic compounds(14-16)and 2 alkaloids(17-18).As follow: xanthinosin(1),xanthatin(2),8-epi-4H-tomentosin(3),4-O-dihydroinusoniolide(4),4-epixanthanol(5),4-epiisoxanthanol(6),4-oxo-Bedfordia acid(7),dehydrololiolide(8),loliolide(9),3-Hydroxy-5?,6?-epoxy-?-ionone(10),(+)-dehydrovomifoliol(11),p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(12),vanillin(13),methyl 3-acetyl-4-hydroxybenzoate(14),scopoletin(15),(Z)-2-ethylidene-3-methylsuccinic acid(16),3-ethyl-4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione(17),1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde(18).The main compounds in this paper are terpenoids and phenols,all of the 18 compounds above already known compounds.Compounds 3,4,8 and 10-18 were first isolated from Xanthium strumarium L.Different from previous studies,we also separated alkaloid compounds except terpenoids and phenolic acids,which enriched the chemical constituents of Xanthium strumarium L.and laid a foundation for studying the Allelochemicals of Xanthium strumarium L..