Study On Genetic Diversity And Nutritional Components Of Cistanche Deserticola And Its Corresponding Host Haloxylon In Gurbantonggut Desert

Cistanche is a perennial parasitic herb of the genus Cistanche of Orobanchaceae.It is a rare and precious Chinese herbal medicine widely distributed.Cistanche has a variety of effects,Therefore,Cistanche has always enjoyed the reputation of “desert ginseng”.Haloxylon is a special host of desert Cistanche,providing all nutrients for the growth and development of Cistanche,which plays an extremely important role in maintaining the ecological balance of desert.In recent decades,unreasonable development and utilization have caused the destruction of the germplasm resources of Cistanche and Haloxylon.Studying the genetic diversity of Haloxylon and Cistanche in desert have far-reaching significant meanings to evaluate their resources and utilization.The Gurbantunggut desert has a wide range of Haloxylon ammodendrons and is also one of the main producing areas of Desert Morsels.In order to understand the genetic diversity of Desert Cistanche in the Gurbantunggut Desert comprehensively,the ISSR molecular markers were used,by means of Nei and Shannon diversity index,to detect diversity of 166 individuals in five populations of Cistanche and Haloxylon in Gurbantunggut Desert.At the same time,copper,iron,magnesium,manganese,and zinc in Haloxylon and Cistanche were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry(ICP-OES),and correlation analysis was performed.The content of echinacoside and verbascoside in the effective components of Desert Cistanche was determined by HPLC,and the correlation analysis was carried out with the contents of trace elements.1.Conclusion of Cistanche: 144 polymorphic bands were induced by amplification primers.Percentage of polymorphic bands is 100% and the difference among five populations ranged from 46.53% to 77.78%.Shannon's indices of diversity(I)is 0.411 0 and Nei's gene diversity(h)is 0.2604 respectively.Genetic variance analysis showed that the coefficient of gene differentiation in the species is0.222 and the gene flow is 1.7507 among populations.Studies have shown that Cistanche deserticola in the Gurbantunggut Desert is high proportion of polymorphic loci,and there was more gene communication among different populations.The genetic variation among different populations was not obvious,these are of great significance to the effective protection and utilization of Cistanche deserticola.2.Conclusion of Haloxyne: 191 polymorphic bands were induced by amplification primers.Percentage of polymorphic bands is 100% and the difference among five populations ranged from 57.07% to 77.49%.Shannon's indices ofdiversity(I)is 0.3878 and Nei's gene diversity(h)is 0.2451 respectively.Genetic variance analysis showed that the coefficient of gene differentiation in the species is0.1774 and the gene flow is 2.3177 among populations.The genetic distance between Tacheng population and Bole population was the closest(0.0499),and the genetic distance between Altay population and Hutubi population was the farthest(0.0986).Studies have shown that Haloxyne in the Gurbantunggut Desert is high proportion of polymorphic loci,and there was more gene communication among different populations.The genetic variation among different populations was not obvious.3.When compared with geographic distance,longitude and latitude difference respectively,correlation analysis found that apart from haloxyne ammodendron whose genetic distance was significantly correlated to the latitude,the rest have no significant correlation.4.The content of trace element showed that both Cistanche and Haloxylon contained copper,iron,magnesium,manganese and zinc elements,and the variation tendency of the five elements was the same in both plants,which was the content of iron and magnesium were higher,while the content of copper was the least.The content of copper,iron and manganese in Cistanche deserticola had significant or extremely significant correlation with Haloxylon ammodendron.5.The results of the determination of echinacoside and verbascoside in the effective components of Cistanche showed that the content of desert cistanche in Hutubi and Qitai was higher than that in other regions.The correlation analysis showed that the content of echinacoside and verbascoside in desert cistanche showed extremely significant correlation with magnesium and zinc contained therein.The content of echinacoside in Cistanche was significantly correlated with the content of copper in Haloxylon ammodendron,and the content of verbascoside was significantly negatively correlated with magnesium in Haloxylon ammodendron.At the same time,there are also extremely significant correlations between echinacoside and verbascoside.