The Acquisition Technology And Analysis Method Research Of Phenotypic And Molecular Traits Of Cymbidium DUS Test

Cymbidium Sw.is a Orchidaceae plant of Microspermae.The Cymbidium is the most variated and most complex genetic background group.In this paper,the quantitative traits and DNA of 142 cultivars of Cymbidium were collected from the published literatures and the Orchid genus company in Guangdong and Fujian.Then,Making a classification of ten main quantitative traits and selecting ten typical Cymdium varieties to screen the primer searched from existing thesis.As a result,Distinctness test is performed to 6 varieties that applied to the new Cymbidium varieties.We determined the phenotype code,and took the I.D.photo,and saved the date in database for further approximation test.The main results were summarized as the following:1.The four varieties of 1701 A,1702A,1703 A and 1704 A that applied for the new national plant variety rights were Distinctness tested and judged.The results showed that compared with their approximate varieties,1701 A had significant diffrences in 8 visual traits and 12 measurement traits;1702A had significant differences in 2 visual and 9 measurement traits;1703A had significant differences in 2 visual and 3 measurement traits;1704A had significant differences in 2 visual and 10 measurement traits.With the correct selection of approximate varieties,it is sufficient to determine that 1701 A,1702A,1703 A,and 1704 A have Distinctness.2.In this paper,we measured the leaf number,leaf length,leaf width,peduncle length,flower number,sepal length,sepal width,petal length,petal for 142 Cymbidium varieties based on the ?Distinctness,Uniformity and Stability Test Guideline?,showing that the leaf length,leaf width,peduncle length and sepal length are in accord with normal distribution.The petal length and lip length are approximately normal distribution.The probability distribution method was used to classify theabove six traits.Others did not meet the normal distribution were classified using the range method.3.It's first time that phenotypic GAIA distance is used to Cymbidium.First of all.According to UPOV technical document TGP/8-3,we put the characteristics of the 76 traits of the Cymbidium variety test guidelines into consideration.Weights were assigned to differences in all trait code.Then,Comparisons each others are made to the ten varieties.The phenotypic GAIA distance clustering analysis results of the six application varieties and their approximate varieties showed that the application varieties and their approximate varieties were also basically classified into the same category,and the phenotype GAIA distance analysis results were basically consistent with the results of the molecular distance cluster analysis.The phenotypic GAIA distance and molecular distance correlation coefficient of the six application varieties and their approximate varieties was as high as 0.6524,indicating that the phenotype GAIA distance and molecular distance method can be used effectively in the screening of approximate varieties.4.In this paper,we selected a representative 10 Cymbidium varieties and screened 17 pairs of primers from 85 pairs of SSR primers,and amplified 85 specific bands,with an average of 5 bands per marker,of which polymorphic bands is 61.The average ratio of polymorphic bands was 0.72,except for the low polymorphic band ratios of individual bands S11 and S10(0.25 and 0.38),and the ratios of the remaining 15 pairs of primers were all 0.50 or more.The molecular distance clustering analysis of the six application varieties and their approximate varieties obtained by 17 pairs of SSR primers showed that the application varieties and their approximate varieties were basically classified into the same category,indicating that the molecular distance obtained by this paper can basically represent the real identities of the varieties.5.On the basis of repeated discussions and picture taken practice,this paper presents four photo guidelines about Cymbidium groups,plants,inflorescences and single flowers from five aspects: shooting period,location,material preparation,picture background,and shooting technique requirements.The Identity photo shoot technical specification provides a normative guide for the photographing of the new Cymbidium varieties right applied for DUS test.The above research results provide the basic technical basis for the description of the Cymdium,the identity photographs guideline of applied variety,the Distinctness test,the identification of varieties identity and the screening of approximate varieties.