Design Of Wind Speed Measurement System Based On Michelson Interference

Wind speed detection is applied to meteorological observations,military activities,and aerospace,and it is closely related to all areas of our production and life.With the development of science and technology,the requirements for wind speed detection accuracy have gradually increased.In this paper,based on the high precision of Michelson's interferometric measurement technology,a wind speed measurement system based on Michelson Interference is proposed,and a wind sensing structure is designed.Firstly,the Michelson interference optical path is built,and the wind sensing structure is used to sense the change of wind speed to generate the deformation,which caused the displacement of interference fringes.Secondly,the generated interference fringe image is collected,processed,stored and displayed by the embedded processing system in real time,so as to complete the tracking calculation of the interference fringe displacement amount.Finally,a mathematical model of the interference fringe displacement and wind speed is established to invert the wind speed.This article introduces the system's hardware circuit design,and software programming for each module of the system,including image collection,image storage and image display module,and gives the program flow chart for each module.The algorithm of interference fringe image processing is studied,including algorithms for image preprocessing,binarization,and accurate positioning of interference fringes.Finally,An automatic detection algorithm of interference fringe displacement is proposed and verified by Matlab.With the Keil development environment,detection is implemented in STM32.The wind measurement structure of the system was built and the wind measurement function was tested.Experiments show that this system can realize high-precision measurement of wind speed,and the consistency of measurement results is good.